BOLSANO Bernard

BOLSANO Bernard (5.10.1781-18.12.1848, Praga), riyozidon, faylasuf va geologi chekh. Universiteti Karlovro dar Pra­ga khatm kardaast (fakultai falsafaro soli 1800, fakulteti geologiyaro soli 1805). Solhoi 1805-20 mudiri kafedrai ta­rikhi dini hamin universitet bud. Sipas, baroi ozodfikri az vazifa sabukdush gardid va ba­roi tahqiqi muammohoi riyoziyot va mantiq vaqt paydo kard. Dar tahqiqot oid ba asoshoi mantiqii tahlili riyozi Bolsano bori avval nazariyai adadhoi haqiqiro omukht. Gayr az in u teoremaho va mafhumhoi bunyodii riyoziyotro peshnihod kard, ki dar ilmi jahoni dertar tatbiq shudand (masalan, funksiyahoi befosila, vale dar yagon jo differensatsiya nashuda, ki bo yorii tahqiqoti handasavi ba dast ovarda shuda bu­dand). Bolsano dar asari khud «Muammohoi beokhiri» nazariyai majmuhoi beokhirro kashf kard. U teoremaro dar borai on, ki har yak majmui beokhiri mahdud aqallan yak nuqtai hududi dorad, isbot kard (teoremai Bolsano-Veyer- shtrass). Bolsano dar talimoti khud platonizmi modifikatsiyashuda (talimot oid ba mafhumhoi sof va dar borai haqiqati khud) va atomizmro (nisbati tagyiryobii substansiyahoi soda dar ravandi tasiri mutaqobila) jambast karda, goyai nazariyai arifmetikii adadi moddiro pesh­nihod kardaast.