BOJI SUDI

BOJI SUDI, navi boj, iborat az boji davlati va kharojoti vobasta ba barrasii parvanda, ki hangomi murojiat baroi barrasii parvandaho dar sudhoi Tojikiston az tarafi shakhsoni voqei va huquqi pardokhta meshavad. Andoza va tartibi pardokhti Boji sudi dar asosi Qonuni Jumhurii Tojikiston «Dar borai boji davlati» muqarrar karda meshavad. Boji sudi az arizahoi davoi, arizaho (shikoyatho, shikoyathoi kassatsioni va nazorati), ki ba sudhoi Tojikiston peshnihod meshavand, sitonida meshavad (mod­dai 3). Andozai Boji sudi baroi barrasii parvandaho dar sud­hoi Tojikiston: 1. Dar Sudi konstitutsionii Tojikis­ton: az darkhosti shakhsoni voqei – ba andozai yakkaratai nishondihanda baroi hisobho; az peshnihodi maqomoti davlati, shakhsoni mansabdor va shakhsoni huquqi – ba an­dozai dahkaratai nishondihanda baroi hisobho. 2. Dar sudhoi yurisdiksiyai umumi: a) az arizahoi davoii doroi khususiyati molumilki – az ruyi narkhi davo: to 50 nishondihanda baroi hisobho – 3% az narkhi davo; az 50 to 100 nishondihanda baroi hisobho – 2% az narkhi da­vo; az 100 to 500 nishondihanda baroi hisobho – 0,7% az narkhi davo; ziyoda az 500 nishondihanda baroi hisobho – 0,5 % az narkhi davo; b) az arizahoi davoii doroi khususiyati gayrimolumulki, ki predmeti onho narkhguzori karda nameshavand: baroi shakhsoni voqei – 5% az nishon­dihanda baroi hisobho; baroi shakhsoni huquqi ba an­dozai dukaratai nishondihanda baroi hisobho; v) az ari­zahoi davoi dar borai ozod namudani amvol az habs Boji sudi az ruyi narkhi davo mutobiqi bandi 1 hamin qism muayyan karda meshavad; g) az arizahoi davoi oid ba bakhshoi peshazshartnomavi – ba andozai yakkaratai nishondihanda baroi hisobho. 3. Dar sudhoi iqtisodii Jumhurii Tojikiston: a) az arizahoi davoii doroi khususiyati molumilki – 2 % az narkhi davo; b) az arizahoi davoi oid ba bakhshoe, ki hangomi bastan, tagyir dodan yo bekor kardani shartnomaho ba amal meoyand va oid ba bakhsho dar borai beetibor donistani ahdho – ba andozai dukaratai nishondihanda baroi hisobkho; v) az arizahoi davoi dar borai (purra yo qisman) beetibor donistani sanadhoi gayrimeyorii maqomoti davlati: baroi shakhsoni voqei ba andozai dukaratai nishondihanda baroi hisobho; baroi shakhsoni huquqi ba andozai dahkaratai nishondihanda baroi hisobho; g) az arizahoi davoii digar, ki khususiya­ti molumulki nadorand, az jumla, az arizaho dar borai etirofi huquq, majbur namudan jihati ijroi uhdadoriho dar shakli asl – ba andozai yakkaratai nishondihanda baroi hisobkho; g) az arizaho dar borai etirofi muflis gardidani shakhsoni huquqi va sohibkoroni infirodi: baroi shakhsoni huquqi – ba andozai dahkaratai nishondihanda baroi hisobho; baroi sohibkoroni infirodi – ba andozai yakkaratai nishondihanda baroi hisobho; d) az arizaho dar borai muqarrar namudani dalelhoe, ki ahammiyati huquqi dorand – ba andozai sekaratai ni­shondihanda baroi hisobkho; e) az arizaho dar borai ba parvanda vorid gardidani shakhsoni seyum, ki nisbat ba chizi mavridi bahs talaboti mustaqili khudro peshnihod menamoyad, ki mutobiqi andozai Boji sudi, ki baroi arizai da­voii doroi khususiyati gayrimolumilki peshbini shudaast, nisbati bahshoi doroi khususiyati molumilki – tibqi tar­tibi muqarrarnamudai bandi yakumi hamin qism, ki ando­zai mablagi bahsshavanda baroi shakhsoni seyum hisob kar­da meshavad; yo) az shikoyathoi kassatsioni va nazorati nis­bati halnoma va qarorhoi sudi iqtisodi va hamchunin nisbati tayinot dar borai qat namudani istehsoli par­vanda, be barrasi mondani davo, dar borai tayini jarimahoi sudi, raddi dodani varaqai ijro – 50 % az andozai Boji sudi, ki hangomi dodani arizai davoi sitonida meshavad. Baroi arizai davoie, ki hamzamon doroi khususiyati molumilki va gayrimolumilki meboshad, dar yak vaqt ba­roi khardui talabho dar alohidagi Boji sudi sitonida meshavad.

Narkhi davo chunin muayyan karda meshavad: bo davo oid ba sitonidani mablagi puli – bo dar nazar doshtani mablaghoi sitonidashavanda; bo davo oid ba talab karda giriftani molu milk – bo dar nazar doshtani arzishi mo­lu milk; bo davo oid ba sitonidani aliment – bo dar nazar doshtani majmui mablagho dar yak sol; bo davo oid ba pardokhthoi favri va dodani mablag – bo darnazardoshti majmui tamomi pardokhtho yo dodani mablag, ammo ba muhlati na beshtar az se sol; bo davo oid ba par­dokhtho va dodani mablagi bemuhlat yo yakumri – bo darnazardoshti majmui pardokhtho yo dodani mablag dar se sol; bo davo oid ba kam yo ziyod kardani pardokhtho yo dodani mablag – bo dar nazar doshtani mablage, ki pardokht yo dodani mablag kam yo ziyod karda meshavad, ammo na beshtar az yak sol; bo davo oid ba qat kardani pardokht yo dodani mablag – bo dar nazar doshtani majmui mablaghoi boqimondai pardokhtho va dodani mablag, ammo na beshtar ba­roi yak sol; bo davo oid ba pesh az muhlat bekor kardani shartnomai kiroyai molu milk – bo dar nazar doshtani majmui pardokhtho baroi istifodai molu milk dar jarayoni muhlati boqimondai amali shartnoma, ammo na beshtar az se sol; davo oid ba huquq ba molikiyati gayrimanqul, ki bo huquqi molikiyat ba shahrvandon taalluq dorad – bo dar nazar doshtani arzishi chiz, ammo na kamtar az arzishi inventarizatsioni va hangomi mavjud nabudani on – na kamtar az narkhi shartnomai sugurta va ba­roi ashyoi marbuti tashkilot – na kamtar az arzishi tavozunii chiz; bo davoi doroi yakchand talaboti mustaqil – bo dar nazar doshtani har yak talabot dar alohidagi. Narkhi davoro davogar muayyan mekunad. Dar surati baralo mutobiqat nadoshtani narkhi zikrshuda ba arzi­shi voqeii molu milki talabshavanda narkhi davoro sud hangomi qabuli arizai davoi muayyan menamoyad va dar in khusus tayinot qabul mekunad Kodeksi murofiavii grajdanii Jumhurii Tojikiston (KMG JT, moddai 92).

Hangomi barrasii parvandaho dar sudhoi yurisdiksi­yai umumi inho az pardokhti Boji sudi ozod karda meshavand: shahrvandon – az ruyi davohoi sitonidani maosh (taminoti puli) va digar talabote, ki az munosibathoi huquqi mehnati barmeoyand; davogaron – az ruyi bahshoi muallifi, muallifon – tibqi davoe, ki az huquqi hammuallifi, huquqi ikhtiro, namunai mufid, namunahoi sanoati, inchunin az digar huquqho, ki az molikiyati zehni barmeoyand; davogaron – az ruyi davo dar borai si­tonidani aliment; davogaron – az ruyi davohoi jubroni zarare, ki dar natijai mayub shudan yo digar ziyon ba salomati, inchunin favti sarobon rasonida shudaast; maqomoti sugurtai ijtimoi va maqomoti tamiii ijtimoi – az ruyi davohoi mutaqobil (regressi) az zararrason sitonidani mablagi kumakpuliho va nafaqa, ki ba jabrdida pardokhta shudaast va maqomoti taminoti ijtimoi inchunin az ruyi davo dar borai sitonidani kumakpuli va nafaqai nodurust pardokhtashuda; davogaron – az ruyi davohoi talofi namudani ziyoni moddii dar natijai jinoyat rasonidashuda; shakhsoni voqei va huquqi – baroi ba onho dodani hujjathoi vobasta ba parvandahoi jinoyati va parvandaho oid ba sitonidani aliment; tarafho az shikoyati kassatsioni oid ba parvandai bekor kardani nikoh; prokuror, maqomoti hokimiyati dav­lati va digar maqomot, ki dar holati peshbininamudai qonun baroi hifzi manfiati davlat va jamiyat muroji­at mekunad; maqomoti korhoi dokhili hamchun davogar az ruyi parvandahoi sitonidani kharojot doir ba justujui shakhsone, ki az pardokhti aliment va digar pardokhtho sarkashi mekunand, inchunin oid ba parvandahoi jubroni kharojoti ilovagi ba peshgirii firori gumonbarshudagon va aybdorshavandagon, ki dar mahbas nigoh doshta meshavand, inchunin koftukovi onho hangomi tabobat qasdan rasonidani ziyon ba salomatii khud; muassisaho va maqomoti ijroi jazoi jinoyati – tibqi davohoi talofii kharojoti ilovagii vobasta ba peshgirii firori mahkumshudagoni gumonbargardida, aybdorshavanda, mahkumshudagon ba mahdudiyat az ozodi, habs yo mahrum az ozodi va koftukovi onho, inchunin tabobati onho hangomi ba salomatii khud qasdan zarar rasonidan; maqomoti an­doz, gumruk va moliya, Agentii davlatii bimai (sugurta)-i ijtimoi va nafaqa va maqomoti nazorati asor va sodirot hamchun davogaronu javobgaron az ruyi da­vohoi sitonidani andozho, ruyonidani kredithoi davla­ti va digar pardokhthoi hatmi ba bujet va bargardonidani onho az bujet; maqomoti hokimiyati davlati va digar maqomote, ki dar holati peshbinnamudai qonun baroi hifzi manfiathoi davlatiyu jamiyati murojiat meku­nand, inchunin shakhsoni huquqi va shahrvandon, ki dar holati peshbininamudan qonun baroi himoyai huquqi hifzkunandai qonun va manfiathoi shakhsoni digar mu­rojiat mekunand – dar surati qone gardonidani davoi onho; shakhsoni voqei va huquqi – hangomi ba sud dodani ariza dar mavridi batakhirandozi yo daroz namudani muhlati ijroi qarorho oid ba tagyiryobii tarz va tartibi ijroi qarorho, barqarorsozii muhlathoi guzashta, az nav barrasi namudani qarorho, tayinot va qarori sud oid ba holathoi nav oshkorshuda, dar khususi az nav bar­rasi namudani qarori goibonai sude, ki onro barovardaasg; shakhsoni voqei va huquqi – hangomi shikoyatho az ruyi amalhoi ijrokunandai sudi, inchunin shikoyatho nisbat ba qarorho oid ba parvandahoi huquqvayronkunii mamurii az jonibi maqomoti vakolatdor barovardashuda; shakhsoni voqei va huquqi — hangomi dodani shikoyat­hoi khususi nisbat ba tayinoti sud, az jumla oid ba tamini davo yo ivaz namudani yak navi taminot ba tami­noti digar, oid ba qat yo bozdoshtani parvandaho, oid ba raddi ziyod yo kam namudani hajmi jarimae, ki sud tayin namudaast; shahrvandon – az ruyi shikoyathoi kassatsioni oid ba parvandahoi jinoyatie, ki durustii sitonidani zarari moddii dar natijai jinoyat rasonidashuda mavri­di bahs qaror giriftaast; shahrvandon – hangomi tasdiqi durustii nuskhahoi hujjathoe, ki baroi giriftani yordampuliho va nafaqahoi davlati zarurand, inchunin az ruyi parvandahoi vasoyat va pisarkhond (dukhtarkhond) kar­dan; mayubon, shirkatdoroni Jangi Buzurgi Vatani va shakhsoni ba onho barobarkardashuda – az ruyi davohoi barqarorkunii huquqhoyashon.

Hangomi barrasii parvandaho dar sudhoi iqtisodi az pardokhti Boji sudi inho ozod karda meshavand: prokuror, maqomoti hokimiyati davlati va digar maqomote, ki dar holati peshbininamudai qonun baroi hifzi manfiati davlati va jamiyati murojiat mekunand; maqomoti mo­liya, maqomoti andoz, gumruk, Agentii davlatii su­gurtai ijtimoi, nafaqa va maqomoti nazorati asor va sodirot, ki ba sifati davogaru javobgar shirkat mekunand – az ruyi davohoi sitondani andozho, ruyonidani kredithoi davlati va digar pardokhthoi hatmi ba bujeti dakhldor va bargardonidani onho az bujeti dakhldor, ba istisnoi holathoe, ki maqomoti mazkur tarafe meboshand, ki peshtar ba foidai onho qaror barovarda nashudaast (Qonuni Jumhurii Tojikiston «Dar borai boji davlati», moddai 5).

Ba kharojot oid ba barrasii parvanda inho dokhil mesha­vand: mablage, ki boyad ba shohidon, korshinosoni sudi, mutakhassison va tarjumonho pardokhta shavad; kharojote, ki shahrvandoni khoriji va shakhsoni beshahrvand baroi khidmatrasonii tarjumon pardokhtaand, agar dar sanadhoi huquqii baynalmilalii etirofnamudai Tojikiston tartibi digare peshbini nashuda boshad; kharojoti safar va istiqomati tarafho va shakhsoni seyum, ki vobasta ba hozir shu­dan ba sud sarf namudaand; kharojoti pardokhti khidmatrasonii namoyandagon; kharojot baroi aznazarguzaroni dar mahal; jubronpuli baroi sarfi voqeii vaqt; kharojoti poch­ta vobasta ba barrasii parvanda, ki tarafho pardokhtaand; kharojoti nigakhdorii daleli shayi; digar kharojote, ki sud etirof namudaast (Kodeksi murofiavii grajdanii Jumhurii Tojikiston, moddai 95).

Adabiyot: Qonuni Jumhurii Tojikiston «Dar borai boji davlati». Dushanbe, 2004; Kodeksi murofiavii grajdanii Jumhurii Tojikiston. Dushanbe, 2008.

D. Abdulloev.