ABULABBOSI SAYYORI

ABULABBOSI SAYYORI Qosim ibni Abdulloh (soli tavallud 876,Marv – vafot 952, hamon jo), faqeh, muhaddis va mutasavvifi tojik, muassisi silsilai tasavvufi sayyoriya. Jarayoni zindagi va oroi uro khoharzodaash Abdulvohid ibni Alii Sayyori naql namudaast. Muvofiki on Abulabbosi Sayyori dar oilai sarvatmand va ahli ilm tavallud shudaast. Tibqi ittiloi Attor dar «Tazkirat-ul-avliyo» u pas az darguzashti padarash doroii bisyorero, ki baroyash ba irs rasida bud, ba du tori mui Paygambari akram (s) ivaz namuda az barakiyoti on tavfik yoftaast.

Bino ba malumoti «Kashf- ul-makhchub» Abulabbosi Sayyori dar Marv maqomi baland dosht, vale ba in nigoh nakarda hayoti sufiyonaro pesh girift. U muridi Shaykh Abubakri Vositi bud va aksari aqidahoi murshidash ba vositai u to ba ruzgori mo omada rasidaand. Khudi Abulabbosi Sayyori  navishta, ki agar bo Abubakri Vositi muloqot namekard, majusi az in dunyo rekhlat mekard.

Hamchunin naql shuda, ki Vositi nakhustin sufie buda, ki baroi marviyon maqomotu ahvoli taavvufro talim dodaast. Abulabbosi Sayyori  hamchunin dar mahfilu jamomadhoi buzurgi muhaddison faolona shirkat mekard va hamchun mukhaddis niz shuhrat yofta bud. U dar natijai kushishi bisyor dar nazariyavu amaliyai tasavvuf dast yoft va dar in soha ba martabai baland rasid.

Tariqati u beshtar ba hifzi mabonii shariat asos yofta bud va dar zukhdu riyozat niz nom barovard. Abulabbosi Sayyori  ashobi sahv bud, sukrro dar ibtidoi holi sufi joiz medonist, ki dar intiho boyad ba tamkin tabdil meyoft. Hajviri Abulabbosi Sayyoriro tarafdori mazhabi jabariya medonad va muallifi «Kashf-ul-majhub» guftaast, ki vay «kalomi oli va tasonifi sutuda» dorad. Tarafdori jabariya bu- dani u az chunin sukhanonash barmeoyad: «Inson chi guna metavonad tarki gunoh kunad, ki in gunoh dar «lavhi mahfuz»-i u navishta shudaast». Roche ba masoili tavhid niz asare talif namudaast, ki to ba ruzgori mo omada narasidaast.

Badi margash hamon khoharzodaash tarikati uro bo nomi sayyoriya idoma dod. Dar Marvu Niso payravoni bi­syore paydo kard. Bayni payravonash roche ba baze masalahoi talimoti tasavvufi ikhtilof ba vujud omada bud, ki bino ba malumoti Chullobii Hajviri ba tavassuti mubohisavu mukotiba raf gardida budaast. Abulabbosi Sayyori dar masalai mushohida, ki yake az ruknhoi asosii marifati tasavvufi meboshad, nazari khos dosht. Asoshoi tariqati Abulabbosi Sayyoriro «jam» va tafrika tashkil medodand. Natijai avvali ba fikri u soliqro ba «fano» va natijai duyumi ba «baqo» ovarda merasond. Echodiyoti Abulabbosi Sayyori  ba inkishofi afkori irfoni, makhsusan bakhshi marifatii on ba sufiyoni Khuroson tasiri farovon doshtaast.

Adabiyot: Jomi Abdurrahmon ibni Ahmad. Nafakhot-ul-uns, Toshkent„ 1336; Hajviri Ali ibni Usmon. Kashf-ul-mahjub. Leningrad,1926; Doirat-ul- maorifi buzurgi islomi, jildi 3, Toshkent, 1385.

M. Hazratqulov.