BOTIL (arabi nodurust, durug, behuda), istilohest dar farhangi islomi, ki dar muqobili haq qaror doshta, baroi ifodai padidavu ashyo va umuru amalhoi nodurustu manfi va noshoistavu nomaqbul, inchunin raddu inkori onho ba kor burda meshavad. Botil va hamreshahoi on 35 bor dar Quron (25 bor Botil, 5 bor «mubtilun», 2 …

BOTKIN Sergey Petrovich (17.9.1832, Maskav – 24. 12.1889, Mentonai Faronsa), dukhtur-terapevti rus, asosguzori jarayoni fiziologi dar tibbi klinikb. Soli 1855 fakultai tibbii Universiteti Maskavro khatm namuda­ast; az 1861 professori klinikai muolijavii Akademiyai tib­bii jarrohii Peterburg. Botkin yake az asosguzoroni tibbi ilmii klinikavi meboshad. Avvalin bor dar Russiya la­boratoriyai tajribaviro, ki …

BOTIN (arabi — darun, pinhon, roz), istilohest dar farhangi islomi roje ba doroi manoi nuhufta va asli budani ashyovu mavjudot. Roje ba Botin dar tasavvuf nazari­yai makhsus vujud dorad. Orifon Botinro kheshtani kheshi odami va jahonu inson va hama ashyovu padidahoro doroi zohiru Botin donista, mutaqid ba olami zohir va …

BOTINIYa (darun, nihon), majmui firqahoi ismoiliya, ki bar khilofi talimoti zohiriya manoi bo­tinii Quronro tavil mekunad. Inson mavjudest ibo­rat az ruhu modda va taban zindagiash niz boyad bar aso­si dujoniba – moddi (hayoti moddiyu dunyavi) va manavi (hayoti manavi va jovidoni) tanzim gardad. Dar hamin asos botiniyon iddao doshtand, ki …

BOT (anglisi boat — kishti), kishtii miyonahajmi yaksutunai borkashoni gunjoishash to 60 tonna (dar zamoni kishtihoi bodboni), ki 6-8 tupi qutrash khurd dosht. Botho ba­roi safarhoi bahri arshador va safarhoi nazdisohili bearsha meshudand. Dar zamoni kishtihoi bugi Bothoi bodboni, bodboniyu beldor yo muharrikdori gunjoishashon to 15 tonna vujud doshtand, ki …

BOTINI shoiri tojik (asri 15). Dar zodgohash – shahri Balkh tahsil kardaast. Pas az kasbi kamol ba khidmati Alisheri Navoi roh yoft. Bo niyati haj ba safar baromada, pas az adoi farizai mazkur chun darveshon dar kishvarhoi gunoguni Sharq ruz meguzarond. Alisheri Navoi az u mukhtasaran yod karda, yak baytashro …

BOTKAND, Bodkand, Batken, shahr dar qismi janubu garbii Jumhurii Qirgiziston, markazi mamurii nohiya va viloyati hamnom. Aholiash 13,1 hazor nafar (2012). Masohatash 51,8 kilometr2.Dar balandii 1036 m az sathi bahr joygir ast. Zichii miyonai aholi -234 nafar dar 1 kilometr2 .Soli 1934 hamchun muzofoti markazi nohiyai Botkand tasis yoftaast. Az …

BOTRIOMIKOZ (az yunoni botrys – khusha va mykes – zanburug), kasalii siroyatii muzmini hayvonot. Hangomi Botriomikoz boftai payvandi binobar iltihob numu yofta, ba varam monand meshavad. Angezandai Botriomikoz zanburugi Botryomyes ascoformans ast. On beshtar dar joyhoi ba pust rasidai afzori asp, dar mushakho, rohi nutfa, girehhoi limfavi va piston joy …

BOTA LIVIU, Bota liviu (tavallud 22.12.1936, Ruminiya), rohbari namoyandagii nozironi SMM dar Tojikis­ton. Tahsiloti oliro dar Bukharest kasb karda, dar shahrhoi Bukharest, Maskav, Nyu-York va Gaaga ba tahqiqoti ilmi pardokhtaast. Shirkatkunandai konferensiyaho, simpoziumhoi baynalmilali va baynidavlati takhti sarparastii SMM va digar sozmonhoi baynalmilali. Mu­allifi asar va maqolahoi gunogun doir ba …

BOTANIKA (yunoni botane – sabza, giyoh, rustani), majmui ilmho dar borai nabotot. Sokht, afzoish, inkishof, gustarish va taoavvulu tasnifi rustanihoro meomuzad. Morfologiya, anatomiya, sitologiya, gistologiya, embrio­logiya, fiziologiya, ekologiya, geobotanika, geografiya, pa­leobotanika, sistematika va biokhimiyai rustanihoro dar bar megirad. Ba ilmhoi zerin judo meshavad: algologiya, mikologiya, likhnologiya, briologiya, mikrobiologiya, fi­topatologiya va …