MADANIYaTI ISTARAVShAN –  madaniyati viloyati tarikhi va madanii Istaryaishan, ki dar bayni daryoi Sir va qatorukuhhoi Higor, shahrhoi Khujand va Samarqand voqe bud. Hududi mazkur zamoni qadim qismi Sugd buda, dar pivali asrhoi miyona ba davlati khurdi mustaqil tabdil yoft, ki dar on afshinho hukm merondand (poytakhtash sh. Bunjikat). Asosi …

MAMONT (Mammuthus primigeni-us), hayvoni shirkhuri murdaraftaest va az oilai filho bud. Dar Avrupo, Osiyoi Shimoli va Amerikai Shimoli dar nimai duyumi pleystosen zindagi karda, qarib 10 hazor sol pesh az bayn raftaast. Qadi Mamont 2,5—3,5         metr, vaznash 7 tonn buda, poyhoi kutoh va mui gafs dosht. Darozii ochash 4 metr …

MAYKAShI –  vinokashi, sharbati angur va digar mevahoro turshonida khosil namudani May . Dar sobik kishvarhoi shuravi beshtar az 600 kheli May istehsol meshud. Tojikon hanuz to milod musallas tayyor namuda, chun vositai tabobati istifoda meburdand. Dar Tojikiston avvalin korkhonai Maykashi soli 1929 dar sh. Uroteppa va minbad dar nohiyai …

MAO DUN – nomi asliash Shen Yanbin meboshad. Soli 1896 dar Chinchjeg tavallud shuda, dar muzofoti Chjeszyav soli 1980 vafot kardaast. Mao Dun takhalusi in shakh ast va u navisanda va khodimi jamiyatii Khitoy ast. To soli 1927 hamchun publisist, adabiyotshinos, munaqqid va tarjumon baromad karda, khonandagoni khitoiro bo adabiyoti …

MAYKOP in shahr buda, markazi viloyati avtonomii kishvari Adigei mintaqai  Krasnodari Rossiya meboshad. Dar sohili rosti daryoi Belaya (shokhobi Kuban) voqe gashtaast. Stansiyai rohi ohan dar shokhai Armavir-Tuapse. Az Maykop shossei Tuapse — Ust-La-binsk meguzarad. Aholiash 145 hazor nafar (2017) buda solhoi okhir afzoish nayofta istodaast. Sohai asosii sanoat — …

Manto Saodat Hasan (11- 5. 1912, Sumbrala, nazdiki Amritsar — 18.1.1955, Lohyp) navisaidai pokistoni. Ba zaboni urdu menavisht. Faoliyati adabiash bo tarjumai dramai O. Uayld «Bovari yo Nigilistho» ogoz yoftaast. In asar, ki ba revolyusioneroni rus bakhshida shuda bud, bo maylu ragbati ba goyahoi milliyu ozodikhohi doshtai Manto muvofiq aftod Manto …

MANTU, yak navi khurok. Az khamir, gushti qima, rezapiyoz, ravgani dumba, kabudi, murch va baze doruvor tayyor mekunand Ordu namakro omekhta, khamirro sakht meshurand. Bad onro zavola girifta, tunuk mekunand va ba porchahoi taqriban 10kh10 sm meburand Ba in porchaho qima andokhta, mantu mebandand. Onro dar degdon makhsusi mantupazi az …

MADANIYaTI HISOR, madaniyati arkheologii neolitie, ki davrai okhirini asri sangro dar Tojikiston muayyan mekunad. Ba hazorahon 7—2 to melod mansub ast. YOdgorihoi Madaniyati Hisorro soli 1948 A. P. Okladnikov kashf kard. Solhoi gunogun dar mahalhoi alohida A. P. Okladnikov (Kuhi Buliyon), V. A. Ranov (Tytqavul), A. A. Yusufov (Soi Sayyod) …

LITVA (Lietuva), – jumhuriest, ki masohatash 65,2 hazor kilometri murabba. Aholiash 2,8 million nafar (2017 s). Dar sharqi ittihodi avrupo joygir meboshad va dar sohili bahri Baltika voqe ast. Dar shimol bo Latviya, dar Shimol va Janub bo Belorusiya, dar janub va garb bo Polsha va viloyati Kaliningradi Russiya hamsarhad …

LIMU (Citrus limon), rastanii bisyorsolai hameshasabzi subtropiki» mansubi sudobiho. Limuro dar zaboni rusi «Limon» va ba zaboni anglisi «Lemon» menomand. Balandii darakhti limu 3—7 metr, shokhhoyash khordor, bazan bekhor, bargash gafs, darozruya, tukhmshakl, gulash dujinsa, safedi khushbuy, mevaash tukhmshakl, bazan mudavvar (daroziash 5—7 sm), vaznash to 120 gram, gafsii pustash …