SUTUNMUHRA

SUTUNMUHRA, arrapusht, nukho, sutuni faqarot, qismi asosii skeleti mehvarii hayvonoti muhrador va odamro guyand. Ba qadri ba sharoiti khushki mutobiq gardidani mavjudoti muhrador beshtar ba Sutunmura takya mekardagi shudand. Zarurati ustuvor gashtani Sutunmura boisi paydoishi payvandhoi baynimuhraho gardid. Gayr az in Sutunmuraharommagzro muhofizat mekunad. Sutunmuraro ba yakchand qism (az jonvaroni muhradori darajai past to muhradoroni darajai oli) judo mekunand. Sutunmurai mohiho az 2 (tana va dum), muhradoroni khushkigard 4—5 (gardan, sina, miyon, chorband va dum) qism iborat ast. Zarurati harakati sar boisi paydo shudani qismi gardanii Sutunmura (qaburgahoyash sust yo nest) gardid. Du muhrai avvali gardani amniot (atlant va epiotrofey) shakli makhsus dorand va khamurostshaviyu gardishi sarro tamin menamoyand. Qismi sinagii Sutunmura doroi qaburgahoi inkishofyoftaest, ki aksari onho bosarsina payvast shuda, qafasi sinaro tashkil menamoyand. Qismi miyonii Sutunmura az baqiyai qaburgaho iborat buda, nisbat ba Sutunmurai sina serharakat meboshad. Dar hamai muhradoroni khushkigard qismi chorbandii Sutunmura inkishof yoftaast. Muhrahoi chorband ba kos tavassuti qaburgahoi digargunshuda sakht payvast shuda, chorband hosil menamoyand. Qismi duyumii Sutunmura odatan serharakat buda, vazifai gunogunro ijro menamoyad. In qismi Sutunmura makhsusan dar khazandaho nagz inkishof yoftaast. Sutunmuhrai dumi khazandaho az muhrahoi bisyor iborat buda, ahamiyati kaloni hayoti dorad.

Sutunmurai odam az 5 qism iborat ast: gardan (7 muhra), sina (12), miyon (5), chorband (5 muhrai bo ham vaslshuda) va dumgoza (3—4 muhrai bo ham chaspida). Sutunmurai odam baroi harommagz omili muhofiz meboshad. Shakli Sutunmurai odam ba rostgardi mushofiq az bolo ba poyon mutanosiban gafs meshavad va kaji (dar qismhoi gardan va miyon ba pesh-lordoz va dar qismhoi sina va chorbayad ba qafo-kifoz)-hoi takrorshavanda dorad (nigared rasm). Dar chunin sokht yak qismi vazni badani odami rostistoda az muhraho ba bandakhoi nazdimuhragi doda meshavad. Chunin kajihoi Sutunmura tasiri zarbahoi ba rohgardi va davidan vobastaro bartaraf mekunad. Ba tufayli narm payvast shudani muhraho odam ba peshu qafo va pahluho khamu rost shuda, pechutob khurda metavonad. Dar Sutunmurai odam muhrahoi gardan va miyon nisbatan serharakat va sina kamharakatand.

Illathoi Sutunmuhra va usulhoi muolijayu peshgirii onhoro ortopediya va travmatologiya meomuzand.