Malumoti ohirin
Home / Jugrofia / Obhoi termali

Obhoi termali

Obhoi termali (az yunoni ther- me — garmi), obhoi zerizaminii qishri Zamin, ki haroratashon 20° Selsiya va az on baland ast. Izotermai 20° Selsiya (hudude, ki dar on harorati havo, zamin va ob barobar ast) dar nohiyahoi yakhbandii bisyorsola az chuqurihoi 1500—2000 metr, dar nohiyahoi subtropiki az chuqurihoi 100 metr va az on kamtar meguzarad, vale dar nazdikii mintaqahoi tropiki ozotermai 20* Selsiya ba rui zamin mebaroyad.

Dar havzahoi arteziani ba vositai parmachohho az chuqurihoi 2000—3000 metr obhoi haroratashon 70— 100RSelsiya va az on baland girifta meshavand. Dar kipvarhoi kuhi (masalan, kuhhoi Alp, Kavkaz, Tibishon, Pomir) Obhoi termali ba rui zamin dar shakli chashma­hoi garmi sershumor (harorat to 50— 90° Selsiya), dar nohiyahoi vulqonizmi hozira boshad, hamchun geyzerho va favvorahoi bug padid meoyand (dar in joyho chuqurii parmachoh 500— 1000 metr buda, harorati ob 150—250* Selsiya ast), ki hangomi ba berun rekhtan onho omekhtai bugu ob va bugro hosil mekunand (Paujetka dar Kam­chatka, Geyzerhoi Kalon dar ShMA, Uayrakey dar Zelandiyai Nav, Larderello dar Italiya, geyzerho dar Islandiya va gayra).

Az jihati tarkibi khimiyavi, gazdori va mineralnoki Obhoi termali shirin va shurtami gidrokarbo­nat va gidrokarbonatu sulfatdor, kalsiy, natriy, nitrogen, gazi kar­bonu gidrogensulfiddor, inchunin shur va namakobhoi khlorid, natriy va kalsiyu natriydor, nitrogenu me­tan va faqat metan, goho gidrogensulfiddor meshavand (nigared niz obhoi minerali).

Obhoi termaliro az qadimulayyom ba maqsadhoi muolija kor mefarmudand. Dar SSSR Obhoi termalii shirinu nitrogendori az kislotai silikat boyro dar kurorthoi mashhuri Belokurikha dar Oltoy, Kuldur dar kishvari Khaba­rov va gayra, gazi karbondorro dar kurorthoi Pyatigorsk, Jelezno- vodsk, Essentuki, gidrogensulfiddorro dar kurorta Sochi-Masesta istifoda mebarand. Dar balneologiya Obhoi termaliro ba subtermali (20—37°Selsiya), termali (37—-42°Selsiya) va gipotermali (az 42°Selsiya baland) judo meku­nand.

Dar nohiyahoi vulqonizmi hozira va ba qaribi ruy dodai Italiya, Is­landiya, Meksika, SSSR, ShMA va Yaponiya yak qator stansiyahoi elektri bo Obhoi termalii nihoyat garmi haroratashon az 100° Selsiya baland kor mekunand. Dar SSSR va mamlakathoi digar (Bolga­riya, Vengriya, Islandiya, Zelandiyai Nav, ShMA) Obhoi termaliro baroi garm kardani manzilgohu korkhonaho, nihol- khonayu gulkhonaho, inchunin havzhoi shinovari va ba maqsadhoi tekhnologi istifoda mebarand.

Tamomi shahri Reykyavik (poytakhti Islandiya) va dar SSSR mikrorayonhoi shahrhoi Qizlar, Makhachqala (RASS Dogiston), Zugdidi, Tbilisi (RSS Gurjiston), Cher­kessk (kishvari Stavropoli RSFSR), niholkhonayu gulkhonahoi Kamchatka va Kavkaz bo Obhoi termali garm karda me­shavand.

Dar territoriyai Tojikiston niz chashmahoi obashon garm khele bisyorand, ki mashhurtarini onho: Khojaobi- garm (98°), Javoni (Garmoba), Obi- garm (56°), Obisafed (54°), Garm- chashma (62°), Yashilkul (75°) va gayra buda, dar qismi kuhii respublika voqe gashtaand. Dar vodihoi hamvori Tojikiston tavassuti parma- chohhoi chuqur chashmahoi garmi Havotog (54°), Komsomol (90°), Andigon (51—54°), Qaroqum (52—60°), Kichikbel (85°) va gayra dastrasi umum gardonida shudaand.

Инчунин кобед

Dehai SAFEDORON

SAFEDORON, dehaest dar Soveti qishloq Hakimii rayoni Komsomolobodi Respublikai Sovetii Sotsialistii Tojikiston. Territoriyai sovkhozi «Chorsada». …