Nikosiya

Nikosiya, Lefkosiya (Nicosia, Leukosia), poytakhti Respublika k Kipr. Markazi asosii iqtisodi va madanii mamlakat. Dar qismi markazni jazirai Kipr, dar balandii 150 metr joygir shudaast. Iqlimash subtro­piki, bahrimiyonazamini; harorat miyonai yanvar 10° Selsiya, iyul 28° Selsiya.  Miqdori borishoti solona 360 millimetr. Aholiash 120 hazor nafar (1974). Uzeli naq- liyot. Rohhoi avtomobilgard Nikosiyaro bo tamomi bandarhoi bahri va shahrhoi kaloni Kipr mepayvandand. Aeroportash doroi ahamiyati baynalkhalqist. Korkhonahoi sanoati bofandagi, tamoku, charmu poyafzol, chubgari, korkardi metall, khurokvori (zavodhoi konyak, sharbati meva va gayra), istehsoli masolehi binokori dorad. Kulolgari rivoj yoftaast.

Nikosiya bozori gandum, ravgani zaytun, bodom, vino va mevahoi sitrusi meboshad. Dar shahr az yodgorihoi memori devori qalai shhdr (1567), kalisoi jomei Sofiya (holo masjidi Salimiya; asrhoi 13—14), kalisoi avgustiniyon (holo masjidi Umariya; 1330), bozo­ri Bediston va gayra boqi mondaand. 12 kitobkhona, az jumla kitobkhonai turkii Madmudi Nikosiya, muassisahoi ilmi, omuzishgohhoi pedagogi, politekhni­ki, teatr, yakchand muzey, markazi televizion mavjudand. Nikosiya markazi tu­rizm meboshad.

Nikosiya taqriban asri 7 to milod bunyod yoftaast (avvalho Ledra, dertar Levkoteon nom doshta, az asri 13 Nikosiya nom girift. Onro soli 1570 turkhoi usmoni zabt kardand. Az 16 avgust 1960 — poytakhti Respublikai Kipr.