KhATI SUGDI

KhATI SUGDI, khatest, ki az on baroi sabti osori zaboni sugdi istifoda shudaast. Dar asosi khati oromi hazorai 1 to melod dar Sugdi Qadim yustiro shuda, 23 alamatro dar bar megirift. Nakhustin osori on ba asri 1 to melodi mansub ast.

Alomathoi khati sugdiro nakhustin bor olimi fransavi R. Goto transliterasiya kardaast.

Dar khati sugdi avvalho harfhoi ba yakdigar vaslshuda (ligaturaho) kam budand, har yak harf tarzi navishti judogona dosht va onhoro az yakdigar ba osoni farq kardan mumkin bud. Dar avvali asri 6 «khati sutra»— khati shikastai nomukammali sugdi tashakkul yoft, ki to asri 10 mamul bud. Ba in khat osori dini buddoi navishta shudaast. Khati shikastai mukammal taqriban miyonai asri 8 ba vujud omadaast. Ba on hujjathoi kuhi Mug, katibaho az Afrosiyob, Panjakent, osori dinhoi buddoi va nasroni navishta shudaand. Dar khati shikasta harfhoi vosila ziyodtar istifoda gardida, alomathoro az yakdigar farq kardan mushkiltar ast.

Shikastai mutaakhkhiri khati sugdi, ki bazan onro «sugdii uyguri» va  «uyguri» meguyand, asrhoi 9—11 tashakkul yoftaast. Dar shikastai mukammal va khati «sugdii uyguri» baroi az yakdigar farq kardani harfho alomathoi diakritiki (nuqtahovu alomatho dar zeru boloi harfho) mamul gardidaand. Istifodai alomathoi diakritiki ba ikhtiyori kotibon bud.

Ba gayr az khati umumisugdi boz du navi khati sugdi (khathoi mahalli) mamul bud, ki yake az onhoro bukhoroi (navishtajoti rasmii davlati) va digarashro istaravshani (katibahoi rui zarfe az Munjoqteppa yoftshuda) nomidan mumkin ast. Dar in du mahal ba gayr az khathoi zikrshuda khati umumisugdi istemol meshud.

Osori malumu mashhuri khati sugdi sikkahoi asri 1 to melod, «Nomahoi boston», porchai afsona dar borai Rustam, asari buddoii «Veoantra-jataka», Hujuathoi qalai Mug, katibahoi Afrosiyob, Panjakent va gayra meboshand.

Adabiyot: Osnovi iranskogo yazikoznanie. Sredneiranskie yaziki, Moskva, 1981.

A. Khromov.