FRAZEOLOGIYa

FRAZEOLOGIYa (az yunoni rhrasis— ibora, ifoda va logiya), yak qismi zaboniinosist, ki majmui tarkib, ibora, jumlahoi rekhtayu ustuvor, qonuniyathon inkishof va kategoriyahoi lingvistii onhoro meomuzad. Chunin ifodahoi rekhtayu ustuvori zabonro vohidhoi frapeologm (frazeologizmho) menomand. Ba vohidhoi frazeologii zabon du va yo ziyoda kalimahoi mustaqilmano (masalan, gurgi borondida— shakhsi dono; makkor; salmai saqat — chizi ziyodati; az olam guzasht — favtid, az sad gulash yak gulash ham nashukuftaast — khele javon; chanmash ravshan shud — tavallud kard va gayra) dokhil meshavand. Vohidhoi frazeologi sokhti ustuvor doshta, unsurhoi tarkibii onhoro beasos tagyir dodan mumkin nest. Masalan, agar iborai frazeologii rosti gap ba shaklhoi haqiqati gap, gapi rost, yo rostii gap ivaz shavad, khususiyati frazeologiashro gum mekunad. Ammo vohidhoi frazeologie niz hastand, ki juzhoyashon tagyir meyoband. Masalan, ba joi ifodai az dilu jon bazan bo dilu jon, bo jonu dil, az jonu dil ham meguyand, ki hamchun shaklhoi gunoguni yak vohidi frazeologi ba yak mano istifoda meshavand. Aksari vohidhoi frazeologi doroi tobishu jiloi khosi milli buda, tarjumaashon ba digar zabonho dushvor ast.
Frazeologiya hamchun ilmi mustaqil dar zabonshinosii muosir solhoi 40 va 50 ba vujud omad. Frazeologiyai tojik tarikhi duru darozo dorad. Dar avvalin lugatho («Lugati furs», «Farhangi Sururi», «Farhangi Jahongiri», «Burhoni qote», «Farhangi Rashidi», «Bahori Ajam», «Giyos-ul-lugot» va gayra) vohidhoi frazeologi niz tafsir yoftaand. Dar omuzishi frazeologiyai tojik N. Masumi, D. Tojiev, M. Fozilov, A. Mirooev va digaron sahmi kalon guzoshtaand. X Majidov.
Adabiyot: Majidov H., Frazeologiyai zaboni hozirai tojik, Dushanbe, 1982.