Ilm

SISTEMAI MUODILAHOI DIFFERENSIALI, sistemai muodilahoero nomand, ki dar onho funksiyahoi nomolum tahti alomati hosila ë differensial meboshand. Agar dar Sistemai muodilahoi diferensiali funksiyai nomalum yaktagyirëbanda boshad, sistemaro oddi menomand. Agar funksiya bisyortagyiryobanda boshad, on Sistemai muodilahoi deferensialii hosilahoyash khususi nom dorad Sistemai muodidahoi diferensialii paraboli va ellppsi ham mavjudand. Sistemai …

ABSORBSIYa (lotini absorptio – jabbish), az omekhtai gazho ba tavassuti moe jabbida shudani modda. Hangomi Absorbsiya jabbish dar tamomi khajmi absor­bent meguzarad. Absorbsiya asosi yak qator usulhoi tekhnologii istehsoloti maykashi meboshad. Absorbsiyai angidridi sulfat ahamiyati kalon doshta, dar maykashi va istehsoli sharbat chun antiseptik va antioksidant istifo­da megardad. Absorbsiya va …

ABRAQ – (ba zaboni russi slyuda) minerali alyumosilikatie, ki sokhtash varaqin ast. Abraq garmitobovar buda, jarayoni elektrikiro nameguzaronad va tarkibi khimiyaviash murakkabu tagyiryobanda meboshad. Formulai umumiash: R1R2.3[AlSi3O10](OH.F)2, ki dar in jo R,=K, Na; R. =A1, Mg, Fe, Li meboshad. Az rui tarkib Abraq magniyu ohandor (fogopit, biotit, lepidomelan), alyuminiydor (musko­vit, paragonit) va …

Abort kardan – nigared kalimai “Isqot”. Kalimai Abort ba zaboni tojiki chi khel tarjuma meshavad?  

ABRAZIVHO (fransavi abrasif – suftakunanda, sayqaldihanda, lotini abradere – taroshidan, zududan), mavodi nihoyat sakht, ki baroi korkardi sathi masolehi gunogun istifoda meshavand. Abraziv dar tekhnika dar ravandhoi suftakuni, sayqaldihi, burishi masoleh va gayra istifoda mebarand. Abraziv az rui sakhti, sokhti khimiyavi va andozai zarrachahoi suftakunanda tabii (almos, aqiqi surkh, kvars, …

ABRAZIYa, (lotini abrazio – taroshi­dan), az barkhurdani (latmazanii) mavjhoi ob vayron shudani sohilhoi ukyonus, bahr, kul va obanborhoi kalon. Omilhoi asosii bavujudoii Abraziya nishebii sathi sohil, tarkibi geologii on, darajai quvvai mavj meboshand. Abraziya dar sathi az ob balandi sohilho sufa va zinahoi ba nom abraziyavi va poyontar sufahoi akkumulyativi …

SISTEMAI GEOSENTRII OLAM, tasavvuroti qadimai antroposentri (nigared Antroposentrizm)-ero guyand, ki muvofiqi on Zamin dar markazi Koinot qaror giriftaast. Bunyodi nazariyai Sistemai geosentrii olam ba olimoni Yunoni Qadim Arastu (asri 4 to milod) va Ptolemey (asri 2) taalluq dorad. Muvofiqi aqidai Arastu Zamini beharakat bo haft «Osmon»-i mutaalliqi «sayyoraho»-i zerin ihota …

SISTEMAI VOHIDHOI MKSK sistemai vohidhoi buzurgihoi haroratist (ifodaash MKSK yo MKSK); vohidhoi asosiash: metr, kilogramm, soniya, kelvin. Dar Sistemai vohidi MKSK az du shkalai harorati (shkalai termodinamiki va Shkalai baynalkhalqii amali — MPTSh-68) istifoda mekunand. Dar shkalai MPTSh-68 dar barobari kelvin (K) gradus Selsiya (°S)-ro niz ba kor mebarand. MKSK …

SIR, emal (az fransavi email — gudokhtan), 1) ruykashi shishamonandi mustahkamest, ki bo on rui masolehi metalliro mepushonand. Tarkibi qarib hamai Sirho az SiO2,  oksidhoi metallhoi ishqoriyu ishqorzamini, surb, ruh, baze ftoridho va gayra iborat ast. Baroi tayër kardani Sir omekhtai shpati dashti, reg ë kvars, shpati gudozi (flyuorit), tanakor, …

SILIKATHOI TABII (az lotini silex— chaqmoqsang), payvasthoi khimiyavii namakmonand, ki az anioni kompleksii silsiyu oksigendori gunogunkhel tarkib yoftaand. Ziyoda az 75% (yakjoya bo kvars qarib 87%)-i tarkibi qishri Zamin va besh az 95%-i tarkibi jinshoi fishonda az Silikathoi tabii iboratand. Qarib 500 namudi mineralho ba sinfi Silikathoi tabii mansuband. Qismi …