SUDUR

SUDUR (arabi      —sodir namudan, beruv ovardan), tajalli, ishroq, fayazon, emanasiya, dar falsafa yak amsli ruhoniro guyand, ki dar jarayoni on ba zoti vohid silsilai marotibi hasti paydo meshavad. Nazariyai Sudurro dar falsafai atiqa asosan namoyandagoni navaflotuniya (Ammoniy Sakkas, Plotin) tashakkul dodaand. Plotin dar «Ennezd» mohiyati nazariyai Sudurro chunin bayon karrdaast: zoti vohid (khudo), khayri mutlaq quvvai avval ba shumor meravad. Olam az tarafi u ofarida shudaast, vale in ofarinish ba irodai khudo vobasta nabuda, az ruizarurat surat megarad. Avvalin chize, ki az zoti vohid Sudur meshavad, aqli kul (ruh) ast, bad nafsi kul, modda va nihoyat, padidahoi olami fiziki ba vujud meoyand. Plotin ba inkishofi minbadai afkori falsafi, khususan panteistii (nigared Panteizm) Sharqu Garb tasiri kalon rasonid.

Dar falsafai asrhoi miyonai Sharq nazariyan Sudur asosi talimoti maktabi mashsho va tasavvuf bud. Al-Kindi, Forobi, Abualii Sino va digar hastiro azzinahoi gunogun iborat donista, paydoishi silsilai marotibi vujudro ba tariqe tavsif dodaand, ki ba afkori navaflotuniyon shabeh ast: mutafakkironi maktabi mashsho niz jarayoni ofarinishi olamro taqozoi zarurat donista, doirai faoliyati khudoro mahdud namudand va khudoyu olamu odamro dar yak radif guzoshtaand. Behuda nest, ki Gazoli onhoro ba kufru ilhod aybdor kardaast.

Nazariyai Sudur bo kosmogoniyai ilmi umumiyate nadorad. M. Hazratqulov.