METABOLIZM

METABOLIZM (az yun. metabole— tagyiryobi, tabaddulot), majmui reaksiyai khimiyavii dar hujayrahoi zinda baamaloyandaro guyand, ki organizmro bo energiya va moddahoi baroi faoliyati hayoti, sabzvotho afzoish zaruri tamin menamoyand. Ba manii beshtar istifodashavanda istilohi «Metabolizm» mubodilai moddaho va energiyaro ifoda mekunad; ba manii makhsus va sahehtar mubodilai mobayni, yane tabadduloti moddahoro dar dokhili hujayra nishon medihad (az lahzai ba hujayra dokhil shudani onho to hosil shudani mahsuli okhirin). Az in ru, istilohi «Metabolizm»-ro ba guruhi alohidai moddaho 6 moddai muayyan (mas., Metabolizmi safeda, Metabolizmi glyukoza va g.) nisbat medihand. Moddahoi gizoi dar hujayra bo ishtiroki fermentu yak qator tagyirothoi khimiyaviro az cap meguzaronand. Metabolizm du taraf dorad: anabolizm va katabolizm. Reaksiyai anaboli hosilshavi va aznavsozii elementhoi tarkibi hujayraho va boftahoro tamin menamoyand. In reakdiyaho aksaran barqarorkunanda buda, bo sarf kardani energiyai khimiyavii ozod (reaksiyahoi endergoni) surat megirand. Tabadduloti kataboli prosessi to komponenthoi sodda tajziya shudani molekulahoi murakkab meboshad. In reaksiyaho odatan oksidkunanda buda, bo judoshavii energiyai khimiyavii ozod (reaksiyai ekzergony) surat megirand. Har du tarafi Metabolizm har vaqt va fazo bo ham zich aloqamandand. Nig. niz Assimilyasiya va Dissimilyasiya.