Harfi A

A – in harfi yakumi alifboi tojiki (az soli 1940). Harfi A dar alifbohoi gunoguni kishvarhoi evropoi va sharqi harfi finikii alif ast, ki on, zohiran, az alomati ideogra­fii tasviri sari gov paydo shudaast. Manoi kalimai finikii alif «gov» meboshad. Dar Evropa in harf ba vositai alifbohoi yunoni va etrusiyu lotini, dar Sharq ba vositai alifbohoi suriyoni va oromi mamul gasht va shaklhoi gunogun girift. Nomi harfi A. dar ibronii qadim «alif», yunoni «alfa» (ehtimol shakli tahrifshudai «alif» boshad), slavyani «az» («man»), rusiyu tojiki «a» meboshad. A. dar zaboni tojiki ovozi pasizabonii gayrilabii kushodaro ifoda mekunad. Shakli navishti chopiash A a, dastnavisash A  a. Dar alifboi lotinii mamul dar zaboni tojiki (1929- 1939) niz hamin shaklhoro dosht. Ovozi «a» dar alifboi arabiasosi tojiki (mamul az asri 8 to s 1929) dar avvali kalima bo alif, ayn – aql), dar okhiri kalima bo hoi havvaz ( shona), dar mobayni kalima bo alomati fatha yo zabar (barodar) ifoda meshud. Harfi A-i kalon va a-i khurd dar matnhoi ilmi, hujjatho baroi judo kardani qismho, bobho, faslho, moddaho va gayraho, inchu- nin dar muassisahoi talimi baroi judo kardani sinfho, guruhho va gayra istifoda meshavad.

A…AN… (pesh az sadonokho), peshvandest, ki ba reshai kalima hamroh karda meshavad va ba in vasila kalima manoi inkori megirad. In peshvand mansub ba zabonhoi hinduevropoi ast va az rui vazifa ba peshvandhoi kalimasozi na-, no-, be- barobar meboshad. Kalimahoi ziyode dar zabonhoi eroni avestoi, forsii qadim, forsii miyona (pahlavi) vomekhurand, ki dar tarkibashon hamin peshvandro dorand, masalan: akarta- nasokhta, nakarda, abara- mi – naburdan; akarana(h) – bekanor, aneron – gayrieron, gayrieroni anahita – nooluda, adatih – bedodi, anhastih – nesti, anusha – bemarg, bezavol va gayra. Dar zaboni tojikii muosir in nav kalimaho ba tavri nodir mavridi istifoda qaror giriftaand: asagda – osukhta – nosukhta, nimsuz; apesha – bekor, bepesha va gayra. Bo chunin manivu vazifa dar zaboni tojiki kalimahoi iqtibosie (asosan az za­boni yunoni) vomekhurand, ki dar tarkibashon a-, an- dorand: amorfi – beshakli; avitaminoz – narasidani vitamin; anemiya – kamkhuni; asimmet­riya – iva gayra.