Ilm

SAMANDAR (lotiniash Phoenix, rusiash Feniks), burjest dar Nimkurai janubii osmon; qadri sitoravii zohirii munirtarin sitoraash 2,4 ast. Ayyoin musoidi mushohida sentyabr-oktyabr (az mavzehoi janubii SSSR).

SAMARIY (lot. Samarium), Sm, element khimiyavi, raqami atomiash 62, massai atomiash 150,4; metalli nodirzamin, mansubi lantanoidho. Zichiash 5,26 g/sm3, t ugd. 826°S. Dar tayyor kardani lulahoi tanzimkunandai reaktorhoi yadroi istifola meshavad. Payvasti Samaray bo kobalt — SmCo5 baroi sokhtani magnithoi doimi masoleh meboshad.

SALH (arabi — pust kandan, pustkani), dar ilmi nujum ruzi okhirini mohi qamariro nomand; ruzest, ki bogohii on mohi nav mushohida meshavad. May nush, ki bad az manuu tu moh base. Az salkh ba gurra oid, az gurra ba salkh. (Khayëm).

SALDO (italiyavi saldo — hnsob, boqimonda), 1) dar muhosibai bukhta l t e r b farqi bayni debet va kreditro guyand. Saldoi debet (debet az kredit ziyod boshad) vaziyati vositahoi khojagi va Saldoi kredit (kredit az debet ziyod boshad) vaziyati manbahoi vositahoi khojagiro nishon medihad. 2) dar savdoi khori j …

SALIB (lotini Crux), S a l i b i J a n u b i, burjest dar Nimkurai janubii osmon. Qadri sitoravii vizualii munirtarin sitorahoi Salib muvofiqan ba 0,8; 1,3; 1,0; 2,8 barobar buda, dar osmon shakli romb (yo salib)-ro memonad va mushohid onro az digap burjho bemalol firq karda …

SAYËRAHD jirmhoi kaloni osmoniyand, ki dar atrofi Oftob az rui madorhoi ellipsshakl harakat karda, rushnoni Oftobro inikos namuda medurakhshand. Odamon az qadimulayyom mushohida karda budand, ki dar bayni sitorahdoi osmon jirmhoi munire hastand, ki az yak burj to burji digar mavqeashonro ivaz karda, guyo sayr mekunand (az in sabab sayyora …

SAYËRAHOI AZIM, sayyorahoi sistemai Oftob: Mushtari, Zuhal, Uran va Neptunro guyand, ki az sayyorahoi guruhi zamini (dokhili) bo andoza va massahot azim, zichii nisbatan khurd, atmosferai gavs, gardisht shitobnok va miqdori ziyodi radifon farq mekunand.

SAYYORAHOI BERUNI, sayyorahoi guruhi Mushtari, yak gu ruh sayyorahoi sistemai Oftobro guyand, ki berun az madori Mirrikh charkh mezanand (Mushtari, Zuhal, Upan, Neptun, Pluton) az rui yak qator khosiyathoi fizikiashon ba ham monandand.

SAYYORAHOI DARUNI, sayyorahoi guruhi Zamin, yak guruh sayyorahoi ba Oftob nazdik (Atorud, Zuhra, Zamin va Mirrikh)-ro guyand, ki az rui khosiyathoi fizikiashon ba ham monandand.

SAYËRAHOI KhURD, asteroidho, jirmhoi osmontero guyand, ki dar atrofi Oftob az rui madori ellipsshakl davr mezagand. Madori aksariyati (98%) Sayërahoi khurd dar bayni Miorrikh va Mushtafi joy giriftaand. Asteroidi nakhustinro 1 yanvari soli 1801 J. Piassi kashf kard, ki onro Serera nomidand. Pas az yak sol G. Olbers asteroidi navro …