Malumoti ohirin
Home / Ilm / Maddu jazr

Maddu jazr

MADDU JAZR – in harakati raftu omadi jismhoi zamini bar asosi tasiri quvvahoi jozibavii Oftobu Mohtob ba miyon meomadaro menomand. Maddu jazr chand namud meshavad, ki jumlai onho:

Lappishhoi davoni sathi Uqyonusi olam (Maddu jazri bahri),
Deformasiyai Zamin (Maddu jazri zamini),
Lappishhoi fishori atmosfera (Madddu jazrii atmosferi).

maddu_jazri_bahr

Agar oddi karda guem, pas «Maddu jazri bahri» in omadani ob ba sohil ki onro MADD meguyand va raftani ob az sohilro JAZR menomand. Hodisai Maddu jazri bahri dar yak shabonaruz 2 marotiba ba vuqu omada hangomi paydo shudani moh dar osmone ki mo onro mebinem harakati obi uqyonus ba sui moh ba vuqu mepayvand. Dar in zamon dar muqobili zamin ham hodisai Maddu jazr ba vuqu mepayvandad, ki sababash dar on ki moh bo quvvai khud obro ba sui khudash mekashad.

Madu jazrro ba zaboni russi «Priliv i otliv» menomand. Quvvahoi joziba hangomi ba quvvahoi jozibai Moh va Oftob jam shudani quvvahoi markazgurezi charkhzanii sistemaho Zamin-Moh va Zamin-Oftob ba vujud meoyad. Zurtarini in quvvaho — quvvai jozibai Moh khususiyathoi asosii hodisai Madddu jazriro muayyan mekunad. Quvvai joziba dar punkti Z-i Zamin, ki dar on jismhoi barangekhta dar zenit voqeand, kalontarin va dar punkti diametrai muqobil N (nadir) khurdtarin meboshad. Dar punkthoi Z va N on quvvahoi maddovar, ki qad-qadi radiusi Zamin samt megirand, quvvai vaznro kam, dar punkthoi A va V ziyod mekunand; dar punkthon digar S, D, E va F in quvvaho chun rasanda ba sathi Zamin samt dorand. Bo tasiri quvvahoi maddovar obi Uqyonusi olam ba sud punkthoi Z va N samt megirad, sathi ob dar atrofi in punktho baland meshavad (madd).

Dar mintaqae, ki khati markazii on az punkthoi A va V meguzarad, sathi ob past meshavad (jazr). Har lahza dar uqyonus 2 madd va 2 jazrro mushohida kardan mumkin ast. Kuchish, amplituda va kharakteri Maddu jazri ba davrzanii Zamin, mavqei nisbii Zamin, Moh va Oftob, arzi geografi va sharoiti mahal (umqi bahr, kharakteri sohil va gayra.) vobasta ast. Madd mavridi dar yak khati rost (sizigiya) voqe gardidani Zamin, Moh va Oftob kalontarin va mavridi kunji 90°, (kvadratura) – ro tashkil kardani Moh Zamin va Oftob khurdtarin meboshad. Maddhoi nimshaboruzi, ki dar davomi shaboruzi mohtobi (24 s. 50 daqitqa) du madd (balandobi) va du jazr (pastobi) ivaz meshavand, maddhoi shaboruzi, ki dar in muddat yak maddu yak jazr ivaz meshavaid va maddhoi nodurust yo mushtarak mavjudand.

Maddu jazri bahri

Maddhoi in shaboruzi va nodurust mamultarand. Dar uqyonusi kushod Maddu jazri khurd ast va lappishi sathi ob to 1 metr merasad; on dar bahrhoi sohili bahr ham khurdtar (massai lappishi sath dar bahri Siyoh to 13 sm, dar khaliji Finni bahri Baltik to 4,8 sm) ast; balandii madd dar khalijhoi tang kalontarin (masa dar khaliji Fandi Amerikan Shimoli to 18 m, dar khalijaki Penjinp bahri Okhot to 13 metr) meboshad. Balandii muqarrarii madd nazdi sohilhoi uqyonus 2—4 metr meshavad. Maddu jazr mintaqai nazdisohilii qitahoro digargun mekunad. Dar sohil mintaqai makhsuse paydo meshavad, ki onro goh-goh ob pakhsh mekunad va hayotguzaronii organizmhoi in mintaqa sharoiti makhsusi ekologi dorad. Ahamiyati madd baroi bandarhoi bahri dar rezishgohi daryoho kalon ast. Energiyai mavjhoi madd dar stansiyahoi elektrik maddi (SEM) istifoda meshavad.

Maddhoi atmosferi tagyiri davrii kursi atmosferaro ba amal meorand. Makhsusan, mavji davrash 12 soat beshtar takror meyobad. Amplitudai on dar mintaqai nazdi ekvator ba qimati kalontarini khud merasad. Jismi sakhti Zamin bo tasiri quvvahoi maddovar deformasiya meshavad. Maddhoi «jismi sakhti Zamin (ki to 0,25 metr meshavand) bo rohi tahlili mavjhon maddi va gidrosfera, omuzishn ivazshavii maydoni gravitasionii Zamin, moilihoi sathi Zamin nisbat ba khati shoqul, vaseshavi va fishurdashavii qishri zamin, nomuntazamihoi charkhzanii Zamin va digar usulho tadqiq karda meshavand.

VIDEO DAR BORAI MADDU JAZR

Mutafakkironi asrimiyonagii khalqhoi Sharqi Nazdiku Miyona Abunasri Forobi, Zakariyoi Rozi, Aburayhoni Beruni, Ibni Sino, Nasiruddini Tusi, Alouddini Qushchi va digaron, maddu jazr radu bark va barfu boron barin hodisahoi tabiiro goliban materialistona tabir namuda, doir ba halli sahehi masalai mazkur dar asrhoi miyona sahmi bosazo guzoshtaand.

Инчунин кобед

SATHI VINTI

SATHI VINTI, sathest, ki khati £ hangomi dar girdi mehvari nojunboni OO’ bo surati kunjii …