Viloyati Novgorod

Novgorod, viloyatest dar hayati RSFSR. 5 iyuli 1944 tashkil shuda­ast. Dar garbi Qismi evropoip SSSR joy giriftaast. Masohatash 55,3 hazor km². Aholiash 722 hazor nafar (1979). Ba 21 rayoni mamuri tajsim shuda, 10 shahr va 20 ptsh dorad. Markazash shahri Novgorod. Viloyat bo ordeni Lenin (1976) mukofotonida shudaast.

Tabiat. Relefi Novgorod ba hamvorii qismi garbi va balandii qismi sharqi taqsim shudaast. Qismi garbiro pastii Nazdi Ilmen, ki qismi ziyodash botlokzor meboshad. ishgol kardaast. Dar Janubu Sharqi— balandii mo­renii Valday (balandiash to 296 m, kuhi Rijokha), dar Shimolu-Sharq— qatorkuhi Tikhvin (balandiash to 280 m) voqe gardidaast.  Iqlimash  kontinentii mutadil. Zimistonash narmi serbarf. Harorati- miyonai yanvar az —7,5 to —10,20 S; tobistonash garmi mutadil, harorati miyonai iyul az 16,5 to 17,5° S. Borishoti solona 700—800 mm. Davrai nashv 119—132 shabonaruz. Aksariyati daryoho ba havzai kuli Ilmen (kuli kalontarini viloyat) mansuband. Kulhoi kalon: Msta, Lovat, Pola, Shelop. Az kuli Ilmen daryoi Volkhov jori meshavad, Dar Novgorod kulho bisyorand. (Val­day, Ujin, Vele, Piros va gayra). Khokash asosan chimtoliyu khokistarrang, dar Shimolu Garbi botloqzor. Jangal ziyoda az 50% territoriyai Novgorodro ishgol kardaast. Dar Shimol va Shimolu Sharqi darakhtoni koj, sanavbar, dar qismi garbi da­rakhtoni tus, barglarzon, rozdor meruyand. Dar baze poyho beshai da­rakhtoni bulut vomekhurad. Qarib 7% territoriyai Novgorodro Mapgzop ishgol namuda ast.

Dar viloyat shohgavazn, ruboh, sagobi, shagora, hazor, savsor, saijob, khargush va gurg hast. Dar daryohoyu kulho mohii shurtan, lesh va gayra bisyor.

Aholi — asosan rusho, iichunin ukrainho, belorusho va digar millatho. Zijii miyonai aholi dar 1 km² 13 nafar. Aksariyati aholi dar shahru posyolkahoi tipi shahri zinndagi mekunad. Shahrhoi Okulovka, Pestovo, Chudovo, Malaya Vishera va digar dar davrai Hokimiyati Soveti bunyod gardidand. Shahrhoi asosi: Novgo­rod, Borovichi, Staraya Russa.

Khojagi. Sohahoi asosii sanoat—moshinsozi daqiq, va korkardi metall. Inchunin sanoati khimiya, jaggal, shishayu chini, sabuk va sanoati khurokvori taraqqi karda istodaand. Korkhonahoi asosi dar Novgorod (zavodi «Volna», «50-solagii Oktyabr», zovodi elektrovakuum va gayra), Borovichi (istehsoli dastgohhoi avtomati) joy giriftand. Korkhonahoi chubgari va sellyulozayu kogaz asosan dar Novgo­rod (kombinati mebel), Parfino (kombinati faner), Okulovka (kombinati sellyulo­zayu kogaz), Borovichi (fabrikai kogaz), Chudovo (fabrikai gugird) voqeand. Dar viloyat miqdori ziyodi korkhonahoi sanoati sabuk va sanoati khurokvori mavjudand. Zagirparvari va parvarishi chorvoi gushtu shirdeh sohai asosii khojagii qishloq viloyati meboshad. Soli 1973 dar Novgorod 101 kolkhoz va 130 sovkhoz bud. Dar viloyati gandum, navdor, suli, kartoshka, sabzavot va ziroati khuroki chorvo parvarish karda meshavad. Dar viloyati (1974) 381,7 hazor gov (az on jumla 166,8 hazor modagov), 195,5 hazor gusfand, 146,3 hazor khuk, 2116,6 hazor parranda bud. Tuli rohi ohan 1149 km (1972). Az territoriyai viloyati rohi ohan Moskva — Lenin­grad, Bologoe — Pskov, Leningrad — Dno, Luga—Novgorod meguzarad. Darozii rohi avtomobilgard qarib 6 hazor km. Darozii rohhoi obi qarib 700 km. Baze daryoho (az on jumla Vol­khov, Meta) va kulho (Ilmen, Val­day) kishtigardand.

Sokhtmoni madani va nigahdorii tandurusti. Soli tahsili 1973/74 dar 839 maktabi talimi umumii namudhoi dar 23 omuzishgohi kasbhoi -tekhniki 7,9 hazor, dar 14 maktabi miyonai  makhsus 12 hazor khonanda va dar instituti  politekhniki va instituti pedagogi (ki dar Novgorod) 5,3 hazor student tahsil mekard. Dar viloyati filiali instituti khojagii qishloq Leningrad hast. Soli 1973 dar Novgorod 373 muassisai tomaktabi bud, Dar viloyat 599 kitobkhonai umumi, muzei tarikhu memori (dar Novgorod),muzei kishvarshinosi (dar Staraya rus­sa va Valday), Khona-muzei F. M.    Do­stoevskiy (dar Staraya Russa), muzey-mulki A .V. Suvorov (dar dehai Konchanskiy — Suvorov) va gayra vujud dorad. Gayr az in dar viloyat Teatri dramai viloyatii Novgorod, 765 klub, 1102 dastgohi kinonamoishdihi va gayra hast. Dar Novgorod gazetahoi viloyatii «Novgorodskaya pravda» (az 1917) va «Novgorodskiy komsomoles» (az 1957) nashr meshavand. Radioi viloyati programmai 1-umi radioi Umumiittifoqi, st. «Mayak»-ro meshunavonad. Aholii Novgorod programmai 1-umi televizioni Markazi va programmahoi televizioni Leningradro tamosho mekunad.

Soli 1974 dar viloyati 94 bemorkhonai doroi 9,1 hazor kat (12,6 kat ba 1 hazor nafar- aholi) bud; 1,7 hazor dukhturi gunogunikhtisos kor mekard. Dar Novgorod kurorti Staraya Russa, 7 sanatoriya hast. Markazhoi asosii turizm: Nov­gorod — 2, Staraya Russa, Valday.