UShKUFA

UShKUFA, ush, ushgiyoh (Kozi- Rozolaria), yak jinsi giyohhoi bisyorsolaro guyand (az oilai Grassulaseae). Az 5 to 35 sm qad mekashad. Reshaash odatan lundashakl meshavad. Bargash gunogun (belchamonand, bayzashakl, neshtarshakl va gayra). Gulash zangulashakli safed, zard yo zardi sabztob, arguvoni, gulobi va bunafsh (may—avgust meshukufad).

Dar Tojikiston 8 namudi Ushkufai khudruy hast: tugsarak (Rosularia paniculata) dar mintaqai jangalzori garmser, pahvbarg, archazor, tilokhzor, nastaranzor, inchunin dasht, nishebihoi sanglokh, shakh va gayra (qatorkuhhoi Qurama, Turkiston, Zarafshon, Hisor, Darvoz, Mevagul, Tojikistoni Janubi; 1400—2600 m az sathi bahr) mesabzad; khushasarak (R. subspicata) beshtar dar mintaqai jangalzori garmser, archazor va dasht, nishebihoi shagalu regzor, shakh va gayra (qatorkuhhoi Turkiston va Zarafshon; 1600—2700 m) meruyad; luchak (R. Grabra) qarib dar hama mintaqaho (az jangalzori garmser to dashti balandkuh va biyobon), nishebihoi sanglokh, shagal, shakhi khora va gayra (qatorkuhhoi Hisor, Darvoz, inchunin Tojikistoni Janubi va Sharqi, Pomiri Garbi va Sharqi; 1500—4000 m) numu meyobad; alpi (R.Alpestris) dar shakh, dashti kovilzor, archazori siraku buttazor va gayra (qatorkuhhoi Qurama, Turkiston, Zarafshon, Hisor, Darvoz, Pomiri Garbi va gayra; 1500—3900 m) vokhurdaast; tojikistoni (R. Tadchikistana) dar bisyor nohiyahoi respublika (az mintaqai jangalzori garmser to biyoboni alafzor), dar shakhho, nishebihoi sanglokh, shagal va gayra. (qatorkuhhoi Zarafshon, Hisor, Darvoz, Pomiri Garbi va Sharqi; 1800—4200 m) nashunamo meyobad; hisori — R. Hissarica, zarushkufa — R. Lutea (qatorkuhhoi Hisor va Darvoz) va turkistoni (R. Turkestanica) khele kamand.
Ushkufa giyohi mamuli doruist. Tabiboni khalqi bo obi bargash kasalii pust — ushkufa (yak nav lishay)-ro tabobat mekunand. Bo obi ushkufa inchunin hangomi guluzindonak guluro mechayqonand.
Poyai ushkufa (R. Tadchikistana) -ro buzu gusfand va gajgov nagz mekhurad. Ushkufa giyohi sabzu khurrami bazeb ast.
M. Hojimotov.