TUKhM

TUKhM, 1) donai har chizro guyand. Dar rastaniho (tukhm) vazifai az nav ba vujudoi, pahnshavi va ba sharoiti nomusoid tob ovardanro ijro mokunad. Tukhm az pust (spermoderma), janin, perisperma yo endosperma iborat ast. Safeda, ravgan, ohar (krakhmal), qand va vitaminho moddahoi zakhiravii tukhmand. Miqdori tukhm dar meva az yak (masalan, khushaiho, murakkabgulho) to sadho hazor va bazan chand million meshavad. Tukhmi baze lubiyoiho to 100 soya qobiliyati sabzishashro gum namekunad. Tukhmro baroi kisht, khurok, giriftani ravgan, krakhmal, moddahoi dorui, rangkunanda va chul khuroki chorvo istifoda mebarand, muyakhoi tukhmi pakhta dar tib kor farmuda meshavand. Tukhmro tukhmishinosi meomuzad. Nigared niz Meva.

2) Tukhma, tukhmi odami va hayvon ast, ki az vay hamjinsi on meruyad. Tukhm dar tukhmdon hosil meshavad (oogenez). Andozai tukhmi hayvonot ba miqdori zardii sitoplazma vobasta ast. Hangomi bisyor zakhira shudani zardi andozai tukhm ziyod meshavad (masalan, dar narmbadanho, suzanpustho, kharchangshaklho 1,4 mm, murgobinul 4,3 mm, murr 30 mm, shuturmurg 80 mm va gayra). Hayvonote, ki nasli khudro muhofizat mekunand, az 1 (masalan, pingvinho) to 22 (masalan, kabk) Tukhm va mohiho, ki baroi nasli khud gamkhori namekunand, tukhmi bisyor (vobla, simmohi to 300 hazor, zagoramohi to 1,5 mln, ravganmohi to 10 mln) meguzorand (nigared niz Nutfa, Mani); 3) bayza, bayzai murg, nigared Tukhmi murg.