TEPLOVOZ

TEPLOVOZ, lokomotivest, ki muharriki darunsuz dorad; quvvai muharrik tavassuti tahvili quvvai (mekhaniki, gidromeosaniki yo elektri) ba charkhho doda meshavad. Goyai istifodai muharriki harorati dar lokomotiv okhiri asri 19 paydo shud. Muharriki namunavii darunsuzro injeneri rus V.         I. Grineveskly solhoi 1908—12 sokht. Injeneri soveti A. N. Shelest soli 1922 teplovozi konstruksiyaash khele khubro bo generatori mekhanikii gazi pesh nihod (in goya faqat solhoi 50 asri 20 dar Shvesiya amali gardid). Nakhustin teplovozi magistrali dar SSSR soli 1924 az rui naqshai Ya. M. Gakkel sokhta shud. Teplovozhoi tahvili elektri, ki dar onho zonunavardi muharriki asosi langari generatori asosii elektriro ba gardish meorad, beshtar mamul gardidand.

Gardishi langarhoi muharrikhoi elektrii kashanda tavassuti tahvili dandonador ba jufti charkhho doda meshavad. Ba qismi ekipajii teplovozi raqam asosi va arobacha (telejka)-i du, se yo chormehvara bo jufti charkhho, buksaho va ovezahoi ressori dokhiland. Dar ramai asosi kuzovi teplovozi joygir meshavad. Teplovozho yak, du yo sekuzovi (ya)k, du yo seseksiyagi) meshavand. Teplovozi az kabilai moshinist (dar kuzov) idora meshavad. Moshinist tavassuti nazzora (kontrollyor) bassomadi gardishi navardi muharrikro muqarrar mekunad. Tartibi korii generatorhoi elektri va muharrikhoi elektrii kashanda boshand, vobasta ba profili rohi ohan avtomaty tagyir meyoband. Kabinaro az qismi moshini odatan kamerai apparatho judo mekunad, ki dar on asbob va dastgohhoi payvastkunandai zanjirhoi quvvagii teplovozi joygir meshavand. Dar qismi moshini, ba gayr az muharrik, generatori asosi, kompressor, batareyai akkumulyatori, filtrho va gayra joygirand. Dar teplovozi energiyai suzishvori nazar ba parovoz taqriban 6 marotiba samaranoktar istifoda meshavad. K. a. mi teplovozhoi zamonavi ba 28—32% barobar shuda metavonad va to 120— 160 km/s surat megirand.