SARKhAS

SARKhAS, sarakhs (GShs1pae), yak guruhi rastanihoi darajai olist, ki qadimtarii ba hisob meravad. Holo dar dunyo 300 jinsu 10 hazor namudi Sarkhas boqi mondaast. Onho dar sharoiti khele gunogun (biyobon, kulu botloqzor, kuhsor va digar) meruyand. Dar Tojikiston 21 namudi Sarkhas malum buda, ba 4 oila taalluq dorad: morakiho,sarakhshoi haqiqi, marsillho, salviniho. Makhsusan sokhti m o r a k i h o sodda buda, saromadoni onho sarakhshoi davrai paleozoy meboshand.

Ba morakiho jinshoi OrIo£1ozzish bo 2 namud (0. ui1£ait. 0. isapsit) va Vo1gusIit bo yak namud (V. 1sha-pa) taalluq dorand. Dar tuganzor, margzori serrutubat va buttavu archazorho mesabzand. Sarakhshoi haqiqi 17 namudro dar bar megirand. Bargi onho khele gunogunshakl (yaklukht, parshakl va gayra) meshavad. Dar pushti bargi onho sorusho joygirand. Dar sorusho sporangiy in-kishof meyobad. Dar har yak sporangiy 32 e 64-to spora (hog) hosil megardad. In sporaho ba navniholho mubaddal meshavand. Sarkhashoi haqiqi beshtar dar nishebiho, tarqishi shakh, sohili kulu daryoho, dar soyai kharsang va buttavu darakhton meruyand. Marsiliho va salviniho Sarkhashoi obiand. Dar Tojikiston 2 namudi Sarkhashoi obi (MagzIea siaygIaIa va 8aIp1a pa1apz) meruyand. Onho asosan dar kulho, botloqzor, sholizor mesabzand. In du namudi Sarkhasrodar akvarium niz meparvarand.
Sarkhasro baroi tabobati bemoriho istifoda mebarand. Bo bargi sunbul-kah yo «mui Bibifotima» — A(Iap1it sarShiz uepepz illati medavu ruda, zakhm va digarhoro tabobat meku-nand. Baze namudhoi Azr1ep1it-ro davoi balgamovar mehisoband. Reshai Sarkhas yo kildoru (Bguor1eg1z 1Shkh-taz)-ro dar amaliyai tibbi muosir chun dorui kijjaron tavsiya medi-hand.

Adabiyot: Flora Tadjikskoy Sovetskoy Sosialisticheskoy Respubliki, tom 1, Paporotnikoobraznie—Zlaki, Moskva—Leningrad, 1957; Dadobaeva O., Slovar nauchnikh i mestnikh nazvaniy lekarstvennikh rasteniy Severnogo Tadjikistana. Dushanbe„ 1972; Jizn rasteniy, tom 4, Mkhl, plauni. khvoshi, paporotniki, golosemennie rasteniya, Moskva, 1978. L. S. Ryabkova.