SANOATI AVTOMOBIL

SANOATI AVTOMOBIL, a v t o m o b i l so z i, yak sohai sanoati moshinsozist, ki avtomobilhoi gunogun mebarorad. Sanoati avtomobil okhiri asri 19 dar yak qator mamlakatho ba vujud omad. Soli 1900 Shtathoi Muttahidai Amerika 4192, Fransiya 2000, Italiya 355 avtomobil barovardand.
Dar Rossilyai torevolyutsioni sohai makhsusi avtomobilsozi nabud. Soli 1915 zavodi Jamiyati moskvagii avtomobil —AMO (Moskva), zavodi «Russkiy Reno» (Ribinsk), zavodi Lebedev (Yaroslavl), zavodi Aksay (Rostovi Don) va gayra sokhta shud. Nimai duyumi soli 1916 onho 6750 moshini sabukrav va 3750 avtomobili borkash barovar- dand.

Dar Ittifoqi Respublikahoi Sovetii Sotsialisti Soyuz Sovetskikh Sosialisticheskikh Respublik SSSR born avval dar 3avodi AMO (1924) 10 avtomobili borkashi 1,5-tonnagi sokhta shud. Solhoi 1927— 1928 3avodi «Spartak»-i Moskva moshini sabukravi NAMI-1 barovard. 1 oktyabri 1931 3avodidi avtomobili Moskva, hozira 3avodi ba nomi Likhachyov (ZIL) na 1 yanvari 1932 3avodi avtomobili Gorkiy ba kor daromad.
3avodi avtomobili Gorkiy soli 1932 ba barovardani moshini sabukravi GAZ-A (az soli 1936 moshini sabukravi M-1) sar kard. Solhoi Jangi Buzurgi Vatani dar Miass (viloyati Chelyabinsk) 3avodi avtomobili Ural sokhta shud, ki on az iyuli 1944 avtomobili borkashi 3-tonnagi barovard. Badi jang barobari aznavsozi va vase kardani zavodhoi mavjuda dar Minsk, Kutaisi, Ulyanovsk zavodhoi navi avtomobil ba kor daromadand. 3avodi avtomobilhoi kamlitraji Mo- skva (1947) (Moshinai sabukravi kamlitraji «Moskvich-400», zavodhoi avtobussozii Lvov (1956) va Pavlovo (1953, viloyati Gorkiy) avtobus barovardand. Solhoi 1947—48 zavodhoi avtomobil ba barovardani avtomobilhoi tipi nav (borkashi GAZ-51, GAZ- 63, ZIS-150, ZIS-151, Ural-355M, YaAZ-210, MAZ-200, MAZ-205 va gayra; sabukravi «Pobeda», GAZ-69) sar kardand. Solhoi 1966—1970 dar shahri Tolyatti zavodi kalontarini moshini sabukrav — Voljsk (sole 660 hazor moshini sabukravi kamlitraj mebarorad) sokhta shud. 3avodhoi avtomobili ba nomi Likhachyov avtomobili ZIL-130 va ZIL-131 (1967), Gorkiy GAZ-53A (1965) va GAZ-66 (1966), Ural Ural- 375 (1962) va Ural-377 (1966),Minsk MAZ-500, MAZ-503, MAZ-504 (1965) barovardand. Soli 1976 navbati yakumi kompleksi zavodi Kamaz (avtomobili puriqtidori borkash) ba kor daromad.
Avtomobilsozi dar Ittifoqi Respublikahoi Sovetii Sotsialisti Soyuz Sovetskikh Sosialisticheskikh Respublik SSSR bosurat taraqqi mekunad. Dar panjsolai 10-um istehsoli moshinhoi makhsusi khojagii qishloq, savdo, khizmati maishi, tandurusti, sanoat, sokhtmon va digar sohaho afzud va darajai tekhniki, boetimodi, mustahkamii avtomobilho baland gardid. Holo 350 navi av- to,mobilhoi borkash (az 0,4 to 100 tonna), moshinhoi sabukravi gunogun, avtobusho (baroi 10—100 passajir), har guna prisepho (iqtidori borbardoriashon az 0,6 to 120 tonna) va gayra me- barorand. Soli 1980 istehsoli moshinhoi sabukrav 5 marotiba afzud. Sanoati avtomobil 2,3 million avtomobil, az on jumla 825 hazor avtomobili borkash barovard. Iqtidori umumii borbardorii avtomobilho nazar ba soli 1975 00% afzud. Soli 1980 hosilnokii mehnat dar Sanoati avtomobil nazar ba soli 1970-um 2,2 barobar ziyod shud. Sanoati avtomobili Ittifoqi Respublikahoi Sovetii Sotsialisti Soyuz Sovetskikh Sosialisticheskikh Respublik SSSR muttasil taraqqi mekunad (nigared jadval).
Dar Tojikiston zavodi «Avtozapchast» (shahri Konibodom) mavjud ast, ki baroi avtomobilhoi borkash qismhoi ehtiyoti mebarorad. Nigared niz Avtomobil.