REVOLYuTSIYaI KAMOLI

REVOLYuTSIYaI  KAMOLI, inqilobi ziddiimperialisti, millii burjuazi dar Turkiya. Revolyutsiyai  Kamoli badi dar Jangi yakumi jahoni (1914—18) shikast khurdani Turkiya, ki dar natijai khavfi az dast raftani istiqloliyati davlat ba amal omada bud, sar shud. Ba sarshavi va ravnaqyobii Revolyutsiyai  Kamoli Revolyutsiyai  Kabiri  Sotsialistii Oktyabr tasiri kalon rasond. Markazi Revolyutsiyai  Kamoli  Anatoliya bud. Dar in jo okhiri 1918— avvali 1919 ba sababi yak qator rayonhoi mamlakatro ishgol namudani Antanta (Britaniyai Kabir, Fransiya, Italiya) harakati stikhiyavii khalqi sar shud, ki on badi Izmirro zabt namudani Yunon (15 mai 1919) ba jangi ozodikhohona mubaddal gasht. Dehqononi Anatoliya avvalin quvvahoi musallahi revolyutsioni — dastahoi partizani («quvvahoi milli») tashkil kardand. Proletariat hanuz kamshumor va kamquvvat buda, partiyai khudro nadosht (Partiyai Kommunistii Tur-kiya soli 1920 tashkil yoft). Ba Revolyutsiyai  Kamoli  burjuaziyai millii Anatoliya rohbari mekard, ki on ba nigahdorii istiqloliyati mamlakat va tashkili davlati millii turk manfiatdor bud. Sentyabri 1919 Kongressi Sivasi tashkiloti millii burjuazi (Jamiyati himoyai huquq) markazi rohbariyati revolyutsiya — Komiteti namoyandatoiro bo sardorii Kamol Otaturk intikhob namud. Okhiri 1919 Komitet Anqararo boshishgohi khud qaror doda, dar asl vazifai hukumati muvaqqatii Turkiyaro ijro mekard: 23 apreli 1920 Komitati namoyandagon dar Anqara Majlisi buzurgi millii Turkiya (MBMT)-ro davat namud, ki on khudro hukumati yagonai qonunii mamlakat elon kard. Nufuzi Hukumati sultoni dar Is-tanbul in vaqt to andozae kam shuda bud. Kushishi vay baroi tavassuti quvvahoi khud furu nishondani harakati millii ozodikhohi baror na-girift. Dar miyonahoi soli 1920 davlathoi imperialisti tavassuti armiyai Yunon ba muqobili hukumati dar Anqara tashkilshuda oshkoro tajovuai musallah sar kardand. Dar yak vaqt onho ba hukumati sultoni tazyiq ovarda, ba imzo gardidani sulhnomai asoratovari Sevr muvaffaq shudand. Armiyai amalkunandai Majlisi buzurgi millii Turkiya MBMT (avvali 1921 tashkil yoft) amaliyoti lashkari ajnabiyonro bozdoshta, ba on zarbaho zad va tiramohi 1922 khoki Turkiyaro purra az istilogaroni ajnabi ozod kard. Hukumati Soveti avvalin shuda Turkiyai muborizro ba rasmiyat shinokht va ba on yorii moddi va manavi-siyosi rasonda, marti 1921 bo on dar borai dusti va barodari shartnoma bast. Davlathoi imperialisti dar Kon-ferensiyai Lozanna (1922—23) majbur shudand az sulhnomai Sevr dast kashand va istiqloliyati Turkiyaro etirof kunand. Dar rafti Revolyutsiyai Kamoli va digargunsozihoi minbada Turkiya ba respublikai burjuazi mubaddal gasht.