Penza

Penza, shahr, markazi viloyati Pen­zai RSFSR. Dar sohili daryoi Sura (sho­khobi d Volga) voke ast. Uzeli rohi ohan va rohhoi avtomobilgard. Aholiash 183 hazor nafafar (1979).

Penza markazi kaloni moshinsozii SSSR meboshad; sanoati sabuk va khurokvori, istehsoli masolehi bilokori niz rivoj yoftaast. Penza 40% mahsuloti sanoatii viloyatro medihad. 3avodhoi sanoati khimiya («Penekhimmash»), bofandagi «Penztokstilmash» va «Penzmash») ahamiyati umumiittifoqi dorand. 3avodhoi kompres­sor, dizel va mekhaniki (yakhdonsozi) mavjudand. 3avodhoi «Tyajpromarmatura», «Avtozapchast» baroi sohahoi gunoguni khojagii khalq armatura va qismhoi ehtiyoti mebarorand.

Mahsuloti zavodhoi sohai asbobsozi («Schyotmash», hisobmoshini elektroni, soatsozi, elektromekhanikai daqiq) shuhrat paydo kardaast. Motovelosiped, velosiped, pianino istehsol karda meshavad. Fabrikai «Mayak revolyutsii» va kombinati chubgari kogazi khushsifat tayyor mekunand. Penza inchunin korkhonahoi sanoati sabuk (duzandagi, tri­kotaj), khurokvori (kombinati gusht, fabrikai makaron, qannody, zavodhoi ord, ravganu panir) dorad. 4 institut (poli­tekhniki, injeneroni sokhtmon, khojagii qishloqu pedagogi), fakulteti goibonai Instituti umumiittifoqii iqtisodiyotu moliya, 13 maktabi miyonai makhsus, 2 instituti tadqiqoti ilmi, 2 teatr, sirk, muzeyho, bogi botaniki va nigoriston mavjudand. Penza soli 1663 bunyod yoftaast.