Pantikapey (yunoni Pantikapai- on), shahri atiqa dar Qrimi Sharqi (hozira shahri Kerch). Dar nimai yakumi asri 6 to melod onro zodagoni Milet bunyod kardaand. Shoyad pesh in jo tijoratgohi ioniho boshad. Nomi shahr, ehtimol, az iborai eronii pantikapa — rohi mohi (ishora ba sermohigii khaliji Kerch) ba vujud omadaast. Pantikapey zud ba shahri kalon tabdil yoft. Pantikatey dar nimai duyumi asri 6 to melod puli fuluzii khud (asri 4 to melod tillo va nuqra)-ro sikka mezad.
Dar nimai yakumi asri 5 to melod shahrhoi yunonii har du sohili khaliji Kerch bo Pantikapey muttahid shuda, davlati Bosforro tashkil kardand. Pantikapey poytakhti hamin davlat va markazi asosii savdo, hunarmandi va madaniyag gardid. Shahr dar pastkhami va domanai kuh voqe gardida bud. Dar qullai on ibodatgohu kushkho va binohoi jamiyati bunyod gardidand. Voqeahoi tundu tezi siyosii asrhoi 2—1 to melod va zaminjunbii sakhti solhoi 60 asri 1 to melod Pantikapeyro khele kharob kardand.
Dar okhiri asri 4 melod Pantikapeyro gunnho ba zamin yakson namudand. Dar davrahoi avvali asrhoi miyona on Bosfor nom dosht. Az nimai yakumi asri 19 hafriyoti arkheologii Pantikapey sar shud. Az okhiri asri 19 I. E. Dumberg va dar avvali asri 20 V. V. Shkorpil hafriyoti arkheologi guzaronidand, az soli 1945 boshad, onro V. D. Blavatskin va I. D. Marchenko muntazam davom medihand.
Ad.: B l a v a t s k i y V. D., Lantika- pey. Ocherk istorii stolisi Bospora, M., 1964; Pantikapey, M., 1957—02 (Materiali issledovaniya po arkheologii SSSR, № 56, 103); Marchenko I., Gorod Pantikapey, Simferopol, 1974.