PROBLEMAHOI UMUMIJAHONI

PROBLEMAHOI UMUMIJAHONI, problemahoi g l o b a l i, masalahoi hayotan muhimi zamonaro guyand, ki dar rafti inkishofi jamiyat va inqilobi ilmu tekhnika surat girifta, az jihati miqyosu ahamiyatashon ba hamai khalqu mamlakathoi dunyo barobar dakhl dorand. Doirai mazmunu mundarijai Problemai umumijahoni khele vase ast; onho jihathoi iqtisodi, siyosi, khuquqi va manavi dorand, ki ba ham sakht pechidaand va dar jarayoni tasiri mutaqobiland.

Dar bayni Problemai umumijahoni muhimtarinashon inhoand: 1) muhofizat kardani nasli odamizod az khatari jangi jahoni, az yak su va az sui digar — az tasiri omilhoi zararovari mutagen (afkanishoti ionizonanda va ultrabunafsh va inchunin az har gu­na qasdhoe, ki ba komyobihoi ilm asos yoband ham, zotan ba ruhi gumanistii ilm begonaand (az jumla loihahoi navbaromadi az nav sokhtani genotipi odamon yo ba tarzi evgenik «takmil» dodani zoti inson); 2) bo miqdori kofii ozuqavori, obi oshomidani va zakhirahoi energetikii dastrasu arzon (az qabili naft), tamin namudani aholii zudafzoyandai jahon; 3) ba ham mutobiq kar­dani darajai inkishofi quvvahoi istehsolkunandai jamiyat va dina­mikai demografii jahon; 4) peshgirii ofathoi tabii (az qabili epidemiyahoi purkhatari kasalihoi siroyatkunanda) va yo bartaraf sokhtani oqibati onho.

Hodisahoe, ki problemahoi maz­kur inikosi onhoand, nihodi mushtarak dorand: onho az rui qonuni eksponensialie inkishof meyoband, ki progressiyai geometriro memonad. Surati inkishof dar navbati khud chunon tez ast, ki okhiran ba haddi mehin rasida, boisi yakbora «tarkidan» va qat shudani hodisa megardad. Chunonchi, holo miqdori aholii Zamin aynan az rui qonuni eksponensiale afzuda istodaast. Agar in hodisa minbad ham bo surati hoziraash (sole ba andozai du fonz) surat girad, pas bo mururi zamon shumorai aholi aa had afzuda masalai demografi khele te­zu tund khohad shud.

Vazifai ilmiyu ijtimoie, ki in jo cap mezanad, az jumlai muhimtarin problemahoi umumijahonist. Ravshan ast, ki miqdori aho­lii rui zamin faqat to haddi muayyan afzuda metavonad. Az in jihat vazifa az daryoftani rohu tariqi ilmii insoniyatparvaronai boz doshtani afzoishi yakzayli aholi va ba nizom darovardani in jarayon ast, ki boyad dar miqyosi tamomi jahon bo sayu kushishi umum ba amal barovarda shavad.

Ad.: Kapisa P. L., Globalnie nauchnie problemi blijayshego budushe­go, «Voprosi filosofii», 1973, N 2: Frolov I. T., Nauka i gumanistiche­skie ideali v reshenii globalnikh problem, «Voprosi filosofii», 1979, M 6; X o z i n G. S., Globalnie proble­mi sovremennosti, M., 1982.

A. Tursunov.