PRIZMAI NIKOL

PRIZMAI NIKOL, hikoya, asbobi optikiest, ki chun polyarizator va analizator istifoda meshavad va az khud faqat shuohoi khatti polyarizatsiyashudai samti polyarizatsiyaashon muayyanro (nig. Polyarizatsiya) meguzaronad. Soli 1828 fiziki anglis U. Nikol (W. Nicol) kashf kardaast. Onro az shpati islandi (SaSo₃) dar shakli prizmai chorruya mesozand, ki du kunji muqobilkhobidaash 68° meboshad. Prizmaro az rui kha­te, ki ba ruyai kunjash 68° perpen­dikulyar ast, burida ba du hissa judo mekunand va dar du qismi hosilshudaro sayqal doda, onhoro ba hamdigar bo balzami kanadi mechasponand. Azbaski nishondihandai shikasti balzami kanadi az nishondihandai shikasti shpati islandi khurd ast, shuohoi tabiie, ki ba on tahti kunji kalontar az kunji hududi meaftand, purra inikos meshavandu shuohoi digar (shuohoi polyarivatsiyashuda) az prizma nashikasta meguzarand. Prizmai Nikol dar jihozi optiki istifoda meshavad.