POPULYaTSIYa (az lotini populus — khalq, aholi) dar genetika, ekologiya va talimoti e v o lyutsi o n i, jami fardhoi yak namud, ki muddati daroz dar yak maqoni muayyan zindagi yo numu mekunand. Fardhoi yak Populyatsiya bayni yakdigar jufti shuda metavonand. Khususiyati asosii Populyatsiya yagonagii genetikii on ast. Barobari in ba fardhoe, ki Populyatsiyaro tashkil mekunand, geterogenii (harkhelagii) genetiki (dar haddi genofondi yagonai Populyatsiya) niz khos ast, ki in ba sharoithoi gunogun mutobiqat paydo kardami onhoro muayyan mekunad va imkoniyat medihad, ki az jinati irsi digargun shavad. Fardhoi Populyatsiya az hamdigar bo sinnu sol, jins, inchunin ba kadom fazahoi davri hayot mansubiyat doshtanashon farq mekunand. Shumorai fardhoi Populyatsiya na faqat dar bayni namudhoi gunogun, balki dar dokhili khudi yak namud ham har khel (odatan az sad ziyod) meshav ad. Hududi makoni Populyatsiyaro muayyan kardan khele dushvor ast, zero ki on doimo tagyir meyobad. Dar doirai Populyatsiya hamesha mikroevolyutsiya ruy medihad; az in sabab omukhtani masalahoi Populyatsiya, khususan tarkibi genetikii Populyatsiya, sokhti miqdori fardhoi on va gayra ahamiyati kalon dorad. In masalahoro genetikai populyatsioni, ekologiyai populyatsioni, biogeosenologiya tadqiq menamoyad. Guruhhoi alohidai hayvonhoi khonagi (zoti onho) va rastanihoi bogi (navhoi onho) niz bo istilohi «Populyatsiya». ifoda meshavand. Dar gistologiya, tib va mikrobiologiya hujayrahoi yakkhelaro Populyatsiya menomand. Etnografho boshand, dar zeri istilohi «Populyatsiya». jamoahoero mefahmand, ki bayni onho aqdi nikoh bisyortar meshavad.