Oloishi radioaktivi

Oloishi radioaktivii bio­sfera, ba organizmhoi zinda va muhiti zisti onho (atmosfera, gid­rosfera, khok) dokhil shudani moddahoi radioaktiviro guyand, ki dar natijai tarkishhoi yadroi, ba muhiti atrof partoftani partovhoi radioaktivi va gayra ba vujud meoyad. Oloishi radioaktiii az tasiri mahsuloti taqsimshavii yadroho (*°Sr, ^,87Sg, ¹⁴⁴Cl), nuklidhoi radioaktivi (^EN, ²⁴Na, ⁵⁹Ge, “Go), metallhoi vaznini radioaktivii ta- bii (U, Th, Ra) «va elementhoi tran­suranii suni (Ri, Am, Cm va g.) ba vujud meoyad.

Nabotot va hayvonoti obi moddahoi radioaktiviro az daryo, kul, bahr va uqyonusho bevosita bo ob furu mebarand. Rohhoi digari az ob ba organizmi zinda guzashtani moddahoi radioaktivi niz malumand. Chunonchi, obsabzhoi bo obi Oloishi radiaktivi oludashudaro zooplank­ton va zooplanktonro mohiho, kharchangshaklho va narmbadanho khurda zahrolud meshavand.

Moddahoi ra­dioaktivii khoku havo boshad, ba vositai nabotot va obi nushoki ba or­ganizmi hayvonot va inson meguzarand. Oloishi padioaktivii biosfera ba sokhti khimiyavi va holati fizikii moddahoi radioaktivi, harorat va tarkibi khimiyavii muhiti atrof va digar omilho vobasta ast. Miqdori modda­hoi radioaktivi hangomi az yak or­ganizm ba organizmi digar guzashtan tagyir meyobad.

Dar kam namudani Oloishi radioaktivi «Shartnomai mani ozmoishi yaroqi yadroi dar atmosfera, kayhon va zeri ob» ki soli 1963 dar Moskva ba imzo rasidaast, roli kalon bozid. Bo in ha­ma, afzoishi roli energetikai yad­roi oid ba muhofizat az Oloishi radioaktivi masalahoi nav ba navro ba miyon meguzorad.

Mohiyati ekologii darajai ionizatsiyai radioatsioni va tashakkuli asoshoi muhofizat az tasirr Oloishi radioaktiviro radioekologiya meomuzad. Darajai Oloishi radioavtiviro bo usulhoi radiokhimiyavi, radiometri, spektrometri va avtoradiografi muayyan karda, ba vohidi radioaktiviyat ifoda menamoyand. Bo halli masalahoi tibbii Oloishi radioaktivi gigienai radiatsioni mashgul «stansiyai Agentii baynalkhalqi oid ba energiyai atomi (MAGATE) ba faoliyati mamlakathoi jahon dar rafi Oloishi radioaktivi rohbari menamoyad.