Ohak

Ohak, moddai qobizi khimiyavie, ki bo rohi tafsonidani (va korkardi minbadai) ohaksang, bur va digar jinshoi karbonati hosil mekunand. Aksar vaqt az mafhumi ohak Ohaki noshukufta — SaO va Ohakii sh u k u f t a — Sa(0N)gfo mefahmand. Dirap namudhoi Ohak— Ohakii natropi (omekhtai Sa(ON)₂ va NaOH), ki dar protivogazho, asbobhoi laboratori (baroi furu burdani S0₂) ba kor meravad va Ohakii khlornok — Sa(OS1)₂, ki chun moddai shustagari va bezararkunanda istifoda meshavad, niz malumand.

Ohaki binokori to 95% SaO dorad. Onro dar natijai sukhtani (dar harorati 1100—1300° Selsiya) karbonathoi kalsiyu magniy hosil mekunand. Ohak chun masolehi binokori az qadimulayyom malum ast. Onro hatto 3000— 2500 sol pesh az milod baroi chasponida­ni sangu khishti inshootho, andova kardani devor va gayra istifoda meburdand. Chunin omekhta dar natijai payvasti gazi karbonati tarkibi havo va bukhor shudani obi on karbo­nati kalsiy hosil karda, tadrijan sakht meshavad:

Sy(ON)₂ + SOg = SaSOz! + H₂Of O. vobasta ba tarkibi khimiyavi ba Ohakii dar havo sakhtshavanda va Ohakii gidravliki judo meshavad. Ohaki dar havo sakhtshavanda asosan az SaO va MgO iborat ast. Ohaki gidravliki boshad, ba gayr az SaO va MgO, boz Si0₂, AI2O3 va GegOz niz dorad. Ohaki dar havo sakhtshavanda masolehi binokor va betonro dar havoi khushk, vale Ohaki gidravli ki onhoro ham dar havo va ham dar ob sakht mekunad.

Ohakro dar sokhtmon, metallurgiya, sanoati khimiya, istehsoloti qand, kogaz, shisha va gayra, inchunin dar khojagii qishloq baroi toza kardani ob istifoda mebarand. Dar .sokhtmon az on masolehi binokori (beton, khishti silikati, sanghoi sunii binokori, blokho va gayra) tayyor mekunand.

Adabiyot: Voljenskiy A V., Burov Yu. S., K o l o k o l n i k o v V. S., Mi­neralnie vyajushie veshestva, Moskva, 1966.