Normai istemol

Normai istemol, nishondihandai iqtisodiest, ki istemol va taminoti aholiro az nemathoi moddi va khizmatrasonii maishi tavsif mekunad. Dar mamlakathoi sotsialisti Normai zabon dar vaqti tartib dodani planhoi taraqqiyoti khojagii khalq, balandshavii nekuahvolii mehnatkashon va dar davrai tahlili iqtisodiyu statistikii in planho istifoda meshavad.

Normai p l a n i r o baroi asoonok kardani normahoi harojoti taminoti muassisahoe, ki ba hisobi bujeti davlatiand (maktab, bogchahoi bachagona, yasliho, kasalkhona va gayra), istifoda mebarand. Masalan, normahoi kharji pul baroi khuroki bemoroni kasalkhonaho dar asosi normahoi muayyani khurok, ki muassisahoi ilmiyu tibbi peshaki kor karda baromadaand va organhoi dakhldori idorakunin davlati tasdiq namudaand, muayyan karda meshavand. Normahoi sokhtmoni shahri darajai muayyani taminoti aholiro bo hamai muassisahoi doirai khizmatrasoni — ka­salkhonaho, maktabho, borchahoi bacha­gona va yasliho, korkhonahoi savdo va khuroki umumi, khizmatrasonii kommunali va khojagihoi maishi, naqliyoti shahri va aloqa, kinoteatrho, kitobkhonaho va digar muassisahoi madani, inshooti sporti, hududi muayyani maydonhoi kabudizorkuni va gayra ba hisob megirand.

Normai istemolii r a ts i o sh a l i s t i baroi asosnok kardani normahoi istemol va taminote istifoda meshavad, ki asosan ,rohhoi ba dast ovardani komyobihoi oyandaro peshbini meku­nad.

Normai istemolii fiziologi (yo ilmak asosnokshuda) shakli az hama mamul buda, masalai asosnok namuda­ni normahoi istemoli mahsuloti gizoiro dar bar megirad.

Bo baland shudani darajai nekuahvolii mehnatkashoni SSSR istemoli gusht, shir, tukhm, sabzavotu meva va gayra ziyod meshavad. Dar ayni hol istemoli sarikasii non, kartoshka va gayra kam meshavad. Masalan, soli 1950 is­temoli gusht va ravgan ba har yak sari aholi 26 kg buda, solhoi 1965— 1977 az 41 to 57 kg, shir va mahsuloti shiri boshad az 251 to 322 kg, tukhm az 124 to 224 dona, sabzavot az 72 to 89 kg, 1meva az 28 to 41 kg afzud va dar barobari in istemoli sari­kasii non az 156 to 140 kg, kartosh­ka boshad az 142 to 122 kg kam shud. Normai istemoli dar mamlakathoi kapitalisti niz vujud dorad. Macalan, Normai istemolii fizi­ologii mahsuloti khurokvori, ki dar ShMA soli 1942 kor karda shudaast, dar konferensiyai baynalkhalqii 44 mamlakat az rui masalahoi ozuqavori va agrari hamchun namuna qabul karda shud.

Ad.: Metodologicheskie voprosi izuche­niya urovni jizni trudyashikhsya, v. 2, M., 1962; Sarkisyan G. S.. Kuznesova N. P., Potrebnosti i dokhod semi, M., 1967; Buzl,yakov N. I., Metodi pla­nirovaniya povisheniya urovnya jizni. M., 1969; Nauchnie osnovi ekonomicheskogo prognoza, M., 1971.