Nonius

Nonius, shkalai yorirasonest, ki tavassuti on hissahoi taqsimoti shkalai asosii asbobi chenkunandaro mesanjand. Az nomi olimi portugali Nonius Nuvish (P. Nunes) girifta shudaast, ki avvalii bor arbobi ba Nonius monandro kor farmuda bud. Timsoli Noniumhoi zamonaviro matematiki fravsavi P. Verve peshnihod kardaast, az hamin sabab Noniumro beshtar verner niz menomand. Noniushoi khattbi (rasm, a), zoviyasanj (rasm, b), spirali, travsvers a l i va gayra mavjudand.

Istifodai Noniusi khatti ba farqi intervalhoi taqsimoti shkalai asosi va shkalai yorirason asos yoftaast. Darozii Nonius (yo khud shumorai butuni taqsimothoi on) raso dar yagon shu­morai butuni taqsimothoi shkalai asosi mogunjad. Hangomi ba yagon taqsimoti L—umi shkalai asosi muvofiq omadani taqsimoti sifrii Nonius natijai chenkuni ba buzurgie, ki taqsimoti L—um inshon medihad, muvofiq ast. Hangomi ba L muvofiq naomadani taqsimoti sifrii Nonius natija az rui formulai A = L + Ki hisob karda meshavad: in jo K—shu­morai taqsimothoi Nonius az taqsimoti sifri to taqsimotest, ki ba yagon rahi shkalai asosi muvofiq ast; i—hissai khurdtarini taqsimoti shkalai asosi, ki on Nonius chen kardani on mumkin ast (odatan i=0,1; 0,05 yo 0,02 mm). Prinsipi kori Noniushoi z o viyasanji asbobhoi optiki-mekhaniki niz chunin ast.