Nemisho

Nemisho (khud Deutsche guyand), aholii asosii RDG (taqriban 16,7 million nafar, 1978), RFG (56 million) va Berli­ni Garbi (1760 hazor). Taqriban 12 million Nemisho dar chande az mamlakathoi Evropa, SSSR (1936 hazor, 1979), ShMA, Kana­da, mamlakathoi Amerikai Lotini, Avstraliya, Afrikai Janubi va gayra zindagi mekunand. Ba eaboni nemisi gap mezanand. Dar Respublikai Demokratii Germaniya dindoron ba mazhabi lyuterani va dar Respublikai Federatii Germaniya ba lyuterani va katoliki etiqod dorand.

Dar okhiri hazorai 1 to m. va asrhoi avvali milod qabilahoi qadimai germani (nigared Germaniho) bo qismi aholii qadimtarini territoriyai Germaniya keltho va retho omekhta shudand. Istiloi rimiho ba inkishofi ma­daniyati germanihoi sohilhoi Reyn tasir rasonida, barham khurdani munosibathoi jamoai ibtidoiro te­zonid. Asosi etnikii Nemishoro dar hazorai 1 m. ittifoqi qabilahoi frankho, saksho, bavarho, alemaviho, tyuringho va gayra tashkil dodaand. Baze unsurhoi muttadidii Nemisho hanuz dar asri 10 mushohida shuda, istilohhoi «teutoni», «teuionicus»,«tevtonho»), Lingua teodisca — zaboni khalqi (tevtoni) paydo shudand, ki az tashakkuli shuuri milli shahodat medihad.

Ba tashakkuli millati Nemisho parokandagii feodali va iqtisodii mamlakat, ki to asri 19 davom kard, mone shud. Muttahidshavii Nemisho soli 1871 dar tahti rohbarii Prussiya ba amal omad va millati nemis asosan tashakkul yoft. Soli 1949 dar natijai dar sobiq territoriyai Germaniya tashkil yoftani du davlat aholii onho ba du rohi mukhtalifi ijtimoiyu iqtisodi va madani qadam nihodand. Dar Respublikai Demokratii Germaniya millati sotsialistii nemis inkishof meyobad. Nigared niz Germaniya, Respublikai Demokratii Germaniya, Respublikai Federativii Germaniya.

Adabiyot: Narodi Zarubejnoy Evropi, tom1 Moskva. 1964.