Таджикистан – Энциклопедия на таджикском языке КИТОБАМ
Natyurmort (frans. nature morte — tabiati bejon), janri sanati tasvirist, ki dar on gul, meva, sabzavot, parranda, ashyoi ruzgor, dastarkhoni purnemat, oloti judogona» mehnat va gayra tasvir karda meshavad. Juz ashyoi bejon (masalan, ashyoi ruzgor) dar Natyumort predmethoi tabiati zindaro az mavqei tabiiashon chudo karda, hamchun chizi alohida tasvir mekunand (masalan, mohi, guldasta va gayra). Inchunin tasviri mavjudoti zinda amsoli hasharot, parranda, darranda va hatto odamon ba Natyumort begona nest, ba sharte, ki onho maqsadi asliro quvvat dihand va purratar kunand. Habibulloev Natyurmorti pomiri, 1964.
Tasviri ashyo dar Natyurmort mohiyati khosi badei dorad va rassom metavonad dar on obrazhoi mukammalu manihoi ganiro inikos namoyad. Paydoishi Natyurmort bo taqviyati uslubi realisti dar sanati tasviri aloqai uzvi dorad. Nakhustin namunahoi judogonai Natyurmort dar freskahoi Misri Qadim va namoyahoi davrai ellinizm duchor meoyand.
Natyurmort dar Evropa hamchun janri mustaqil dar asri 17 tashakkul yoft. Dar inkishofi on qissai rassomoni Italiya (M. Karavajo, P. Bonsi, J. Rekko), Gollandiya (P. Klas, V. Kheda, V. Kalf), Flandriya (F. Snen- ders, Ya. Feyt), Ispaniya (F. Surbaran, A. Pereda) va gayra kalon ast. Natyurmortnigori dar asrhoi 18—19 bo sayi rassomon J. Sharden, E. Delakrua, P. Sezann (Fransiya), F. Goyya (Ispaniya), V. van Gog (Gollandiya), F. P. Tolstoy, I. T. Khruskiy (Rossiya) ba bisyor bozyofthoi toza noil gardid. Ananahoi realistii Natyurmortro rassomoni barjastai asri 20 D. Rivera, D. Sikeyros (Meksika), R. Guttuzo (Italiya), alalkhusus rassomoni rus — K. A. Korovin, I. E. Grabar, M. F. Larionov va digar inkishof dodand. Rassomoni soveti (P. P. Konchalovskiy, I. I. Mashkov, A. V. Kuprin, M. S. Saryan va digar) janri Natyurmortro ba poyai baland bardoshta, janbahoi realistii onro takmil dodand. Natyurmort dar ejodiyoti rassomoni tojik solhoi 50 maqom paydo kard. Natyurmortnigoroni namoyoni tojik P. I. Falbov, M. Khushmuhammadov, 3. Habibulloev, I. Abdurahmonov va digar meboshand.
