Nasldihi hayvonot

Nasldihi hayvonot, naslovari, qobiliyati nasl ovarda tavonistani hayvonot, ki ba dar yak namudi on khos buda, dar jarayoni evolyusiya paydo shudaast. On dar hay­vonoti gunogunnasl har khel meshavad. Hayvonoti yaksikla, yane dar davomi hayoti khud yak marotiba nasldihanda, odatan sernasland; hayvonoti sersikla, ki modinaashon yakchand bor nasl medihad, kamnasland. Hayvonoti darozumr har bor 1—2-toi (na har sol) va hayvonoti kutohumr (khoyandagoni mayda) sole yakchand ma­rotiba va har bor to 10—15 bacha mezoyand. Nasldihi muvofiqi sinnu sol, vobasta ba mavsim va solhoi gunogun, vobasta ba on, ki hayvonot to chi andoza bo khurok taminand va inchunin vobasta ba sharoiti iqlim qonunan tagyir meyobad.

Nasldihi ba har yak namudi hayvonoti kh o j a g i i  qishloq ham khos ast, masalan, gov va modiyon asosan hayvonhoi yaktazo meboshand (bazan dugonazoii gov 1— 3%, modiyon 1—1,5%, hodisai az 3 to 7 gusola zoidani gov va 4 toycha zoidani modiyon niz malum ast); khuk vobasta ba zot ba hisobi miyona har bor 6—12 (sernaslash 17—20, bazan to 30) khukbacha, gusfand misli bue 1—2, gusfandi romonovi 2—3 (bazeash to 9) barra, khargush 5—6 (to 18) bacha mekunand; hangomi dar qafas parvarish kardan ruboh 4, samur 3, rubohi qutbi 11 bacha mezoyad. Ba­roi afzoish ba tavri maksimali istifoda burdani imkoniyathoi fizi­ologii tabiii hayvonot yake az problemahoi asosii chorvodori va sharti hatmii tajdidi harjonibai ra­ma meboshad.

Khonagi namudan va tagyir dodani sharoiti zindagii qismi ziyodi hay­vonoti khojagii qishloq boisi afzoshi qobiliyati Nasldihi gardidaast. Sernasli az nasl ba nasl guzashta, hamchun alomati muhimmi zot bo rohi khostagiri va intikhob inkishof doda meshavad. Binobar in hangomi ba hayvon baho dodan va baroi naslgiri intikhob kardani on sernasliashro ba nazar megirand. Muhayyo namudani sharoiti optimalii khurokdihi, durust nigohdorivu istifodai mutadili hayvon, durust parvardani javona, istifodai angezandai rushd (stimulyatorho), peshgiri va barham dodani kasaliho sharti asosii baland bardoshtani qobiliyatiyati nasldihii hayvonoti khojagii qishloq meboshad.

Adabiyot: Rukovodstvo po razvedeniyu jivotnikh, tom 1, Moskva, 1963; Kushner X. F., Nasledstvennost selskokhozyaystvennikh jivotnikh (s elementami seleksii), Moskva, 1964.