Naqshi Rustam

Naqshi Rustam  yodgorihoi memorii bostoni, maqbarahoi katibadori shohoni Hakhomanishi va Sosoni, ki dar shakhi Husaynkukh, kanda shudaand. Naqshi Rustam 65—75 kilometr durtar az Sheroz, dar samti shimolii Takhti Jamshed (Persepol) voqe ast. Maqbaraho dar balandii 20 metr dar shakli salib kanda shuda, dar onho Doroi 1, Hashiyorshohi I, Artahashiyori I va Doroi II dafn shudaand. Matni katiba podshohii Doroi 1-ro tavsif karda, khalqhoi mamlakathoi zerdasti uro ba itoatkori davat menamoyad va giriftori jazohoi mudhish shudani khalqhoi ozodikhohro takid mesozad.

Osori tasvirii Naqshi Rustam inchunin shanu shukuhi imperiyai Doroi I-ro, ki solhoi 522—521 19 marotiba jangida, shohoni 9 mamlakatro asir giriftaast, inikos me­namoyad. Dar qismi boloi relefi peshgohi maqbarai salibshakl surati Ahuromazdo, dar zeri on surati Doroi I va se nadimi darborn u tasvir shudaand. Dar katibai qismi poyoni relef 24 satrapi (viloyati) davlati Doroi I va ruykhati purrai khalqiyathoi on ovarda shudaand. Dar relefi qanoti chapi poyoni qabri Doroi I galabai shohi Sosoni Shopuri I bar imperatori Rim Valerian (260) va dar nazdi Shopur zonu za­da, taslim shudani u tasvir yoftaast. Dar katibai zeri relef yurishi forsho ba Zakavkaziya (262) sabt shudaast.

Dar rubarui maqbara Kabai Zardusht voqest, ki bomashro bo takhtasanghoi musattah pushonida, dar devorhoyash surokhhoi rushnoidaro guzoshtaand. Dar devorhoi on ruykhati mamlakathoi ba hayati dav­lati Sosoniyon dokhilshuda va hadyahoi ba in otashkada (ibodatgohi zardushtiyon) omada bo khati pahlavi, porty va yunoni sabt yoftaand. Devorhoi dokhili otashkada bo takhtasanghoi siyoh rukash shudaand. Relef va katibahoi Naqshi Rustam manbai muhimmi omuzishi tarikh, etnogra­fiya va madaniyati khalqhoi az tarafi davlati Hakhomanishiyon va Sosoniyon zabtgardida meboshand.

Adabiyot: Dandamaev M. A., Iran pri pervikh Akhemenidakh, Moskva, 1963; Dyako­nov M. M.. Ocherki istorii drevnego Irana, Moskva, 1961.