Muhiti azam

“Bahri kabir”, kitobi Muhammad Azamkhon ibni Shohazamkhon oid ba tib, ki soli 1879 ba zaboni forsi-tojiki  dar chor jild talif shudaast. In kitob, ki soli 1896 da Kanpur ba tab rasidaast, 14967 nomi davohoi mufradro dar bar megirad. Muallif ba gayr  az doruhoe, ki tavsifashon dar kitobhoi tibbii forsi va arabi sabt yoftaast, dar khususi adviyae niz malumot dodaast, ki dar makhazhoi yunoni, hindi, suriyoni va gayra mavjud budand.

Kitob az du maqsad (qism) iborat ast. Maqsadi avval dah fasl dorad: 1) bayoni tarifi davo va gizo: 2) dar khususi mizojhoi adviyai mufrada: 3) shinokhtani kayfiyati darajoti davoho va marotibi onho: 4) marifati quvvahoi adviya bo tajriba: 5) shinokhtani adviyai mufrada ba qiyos, vobasta budani tasiri davo ba mahal, faslhoi sol, ba  badani ashkhosi mukhtalif, tasiri harorat, sardi, khushki, rutubati iqlim ba onho: 6) tasiri davohoi mufrada, sifat va nomhoi onho: 7) bo usulhoi gunogun (jushonidan, kuftan, shustan, tar kardan va gayra) sobit namudani adviya: 8) jam va hosil kardani adviya, zakhira kardan va nigoh doshtani on: 9) muhlati  nigahdorii baze adviyai mufrada: 10) istilohot va lugathoi tib.  Maqsadi duyum ba du fasl judo meshavad: fasli yakumro muallif ba dah manfiat qismat doda dar onho oid ba azoi badan, kayfiyati inson, akhloti asl va poyai badan, khurdani va nushidani, mulkho va iqlimho, tami gizoho, adviya va manfiati onho malumot medihad. Dar fasli duyum malumot dar borai bayoni vaznho va chenakhoi hindii tib, paydoishi tarikhi afkori tibbii hind, nom va sifathoi umumii davoho va mulohizaho oid ba azoi badan, istemoli gizo va davoho, inchunin zahrho bayon yoftaast.

Dar in asar muallif kushidaast, ki davohoro to haddi imkon ba zaboni soddavu faseh sharh dihad. Omukhtani in asar dar tibbi hozira ahamiyati ilmi va amali khohad dosht