Mumin Qanoat

Mumin Qanoat (Qanoatov Muminshoh; tavallud 20. 05. 1932, dehai Kurgovadi payoni Qalaikhum Viloyati Avtonomii Badakhshoni Kuhi), shoiri sovetii tojik. Az oilai dehqon. Azpadaru modar barvaqt yatim mond. Kheshovandon va maktabi soveti tarbiyat kardaand. Az soli 1962 azoi KPSS. UDT-ro khatm kardaast (1956). Faoliyati mehnatiash niz az hamon sol cap shudaast. Solhoi 1956—1961 mudiri shubai nazmi jurnali «Sharqi surkh» (holo «Sadoi Sharq»), 1961—1966 kotibi masuli on bud. Ba sifati mu- harriri kaloni nashriyoti «Irfon» niz kor kardaast (1967—1968). Qobi- liyati tashkiloti va istedodi balaidi shoirii Mumin Qanoatro ba nazar gi­rifta, uro ba Pravleniyai Ittifoqi navisandagoni Tojikiston ba kor guzaronidand. Solhoi 1968—1976 muovini raisi Pravleniyai Ittifoqi na- visandagoni Tojikiston bud. Az soli 1976 kotibi yakumi IN Tojikiston. Kotobi Pravleniyai IN ITTIHODI ShURAVI (az soli 1978). Mumin Qanoat khizmati davlati, faoliyati jamiyati va kori ejodiro bomuvaffaqiyat ba ham barbastaast. Ejodiyoti Mumin Qanoat az okhiri solhoi 50- um ogoz yoftaast. Avvalin sherhoi u dar gazetai rayoni Garm («Hayoti nav») darj shudaanD. Solhoi tahsilash dar maktabi oli dar gazetayu jur­nalhoi respublikavi, sipas dar matbuoti markazi sheru dostonhoi u muntazam intishor meyoband. Nakhustin majmai sherhoi Mumin Qanoat «Sharora» (1960) nom dorad, ki az liri­kai grajdani va ishqi faroham omada, zuhuroti darki realnetonai voqeiyat meboshad. Az pai on kitobhoi digari Mumin Qanoat «Sitorahoi zamin», «Mavjhoi Dnepr» (1964, mukofoti komsomoli RSS Tojikiston, 1966), «Dostoni otash» (1967), «Korvoni nur» (1970), «Sarjui sabz» (1975) va digar intishor yofta, mavqei Mumin Qanoatro hamchun shoiri lirik va dostonsaro dar tarikhi nazmi sermillati so­veti mustahkam kardand. Mavzuhoi asosii sherho va dostonhoi Mumin Qanoat vasfi Vatan, mehnati bunyodkoronai khalq, dusti va hamkorii barodaronai mardumoni gunogunmillati soveti, kornamoihoi bahoduronai khalqi soveti, ishqu javoni va amsoli inho meboshand. Jahonbinii vasei kommunisti va mahorati shoiri, didi ravshani estetiki va ehsosoti amihi grajdani taqozo kardaand, ki Mumin Qanoat chi mavzuhoi milli va chi gayrimilliro hamchun mavzuhoi ba dilu niyati khud nazdik tadqiq, namoyad va asarhoi originali ba maydon ovarad. Nazari internatsionalii shoir imkon dodaast, ki u dar tahlili badeii voqeiyati milli jihathoi internatsionalii hayoti moro kashf namoyad va dar tadqiqi masalahoi gayrimilli niz az janbai milli kanda nashavad. Mumin Qanoat dar hardu mavrid ham khususiyathoi mushtaraki ruzgori sotsialisti, yagonagii jihathoi milli va interna­tsionalii voqeiyati sovetiro tasvir karda, ba jambasthoi realistonai hayot muvaffaq shudaast. Agar dar “Dostoni otash”, “Padar” (1976) va “Tojikiston —ismi man” kumaki khalqhoi rus va ukrain dar rohi ozodiyu istiqloliyati khalqi tojik va sokhtmonhoi azimi kommunisti, chunonchi sokhtmoni GES-i Norak va dar dostoni “Kitobhoi zakhmin» dar sharoiti sakhti solhoi Jangi Buzurgi Vatani (1941—1945) ham baroi Tojikiston chun gamkhorii barodarona kitobhoi darsi chop kardani korgaroni Leningrad tasvir shuda boshad, pas ba mavzuhoi khorija — qarobat va payvandi dorinai khalqhon tojik, afgon, Eron va Pokiston niz murojiat karda, sil-silai sherhoi «Sozhoi Sheroz» (1971), «Az daftari Pokiston», “Az daftari Afgoniston”-ro (1980) ba maydon ovard. Shoir masalahoi tarikhi va mavqei shakhsiyathoi buzurgro dar taraqqii ilmu madaniyat, hissai nobigahoi khalqi tojikro dar inkishofi tafakkuri khalq va tamadduni jahoni az didgohi imruza realistona hal karda, dostoni «Gahvorai Sino»-ro (1979) ba vujud ovard, ki dar on obrazi jovidonii hakim, mutafakkiri zabardast, do- nishmandi qomusi va shoiri mumtoz Abuali ibni Sino dar sahni hayoti ijtimoi va ilmiyu madanii asri 10 sanatkorona aks yoftaast. Mumin 1C janrhoi badeii ejodiyoti khudro vase karda, dar asosi dostoni “Surushi Stalingrad” asari dramavie ba maydon ovard, ki onro teatri javononi Tojikiston ba sahna guzosht (1980). Bo hurufoti arabi dostoni “Surushi Stalingrad” (1973) va “Gahvorai Sino” (1980) va yak qator sherhoi digari u ba tab rasidaand. Osori badeii Mumin Qanoat namunai durakhshoni dar tajribai ejodi tatbiq gardidani prinsiphoi olii partiyaviyati kommunisti, khalqiyati haqiqi va grajdaniyat ba shumor meravad. Az jihati janr ejodiyoti Mumin Qanoat asosan az lirika va doston iborat ast. Lirikai shoirro sherhoi grajdani, ishqi va manzaravi tashkil medihand. Dostonhoi u li­riki («Mavjhoi Dnepr», «Padar»), lirikii epiki («Surushi Stalin­grad»), falsafi («Gahvorai Sino») meboshand, ki dar onho jihatkhoi li­riki va epiki ba ham pechida, vohidi tom va syujeti yaklukhtro ba vujud ovardaaid. Uslubi osori Mumin Qanoat realistist, ammo shoir dar rohi tasviru tadqid va jambasti badeii voqeiyat az uslubhoi romantiki («Dostoni otash») va ramzi («Toji­kiston— ismi man») niz mohirona istifoda mebarad. Asarhoi Mumin Qanoat ba zaboni rusi qarib purra tarjumayu nashr shudaand. Avvalin majmuai u ba zaboni rusi «Rohho va bolho» (1964) bud. Minbad ba juz nashrhoi alohidai dostonhoi shoir, kitobi she­ru dostonhoi u dar nashriyothoi Mo­skva murattab intishor yoftand: «Mavjho» (1966),  “Korvoni nur” (1970), “Surushi Stalingrad” (1973), “Nur dar qullaho” (1976), “Gahvorai Sino” (1982) va gayra. Sheru dos­tonhoi Mumin Qanoat  ba zaboni digar khalq- hoi ITTIHODI ShURAVI niz tarquma shudaand. Ba zaboni qazoqi kitobi u “Mavjhoi Vakhsh” (1973) va ba qirgizi pahni unvoni «Surushi Stalingrad» (“Sta­lingrad undoru”, nashriyoti “Kir­gizstan”, Frunze, (1980), dostonhoi “Dostoni otash”, “Surushi Stalin­grad”, «Tojikiston — ismi man» va bisyor sherhoi u intishor yoftaast. Ba  zaboni uzbeki majmuai sherhoi  bo nomi “Etiqodim” (“Etiqodi man”) soli 1981 nashr shudaast. “Suru­shi Stalingrad” soli 1979 ba zaboni qaroqalnoqi ba tab rasid. Sheri u “YOd”, porcha az dostoni “Gahvorai Sino” dar majmuai “Nazmi soveti — 1907” va dostoni “Surushi Stalin­grad” dar Bulgoriya dar nashriyoti “Narodnaya kultura” ba tab rasidaand. Dar Eron sheri Mumin Qanoat “Manu shabhon bekhobi” (majallai “Sukhan”, davrai haftdahum, ozarmohi 1346) chop shudaast. Dar RDG, Polsha, Che­khoslovakiya, Afgoniston, Hinduston, Pokiston, Yunon, Tunis niz asar­hoi Mumin Qanoat ba zaboni khalqhoi mamlakathoi mazkur ba tab rasidaand, ki az shuhrati ashori ranginu dilnishini shoir shahodat medihand. Khudi Mumin Qanoat niz sherhoi V. Mayakov­skiy, S. Esenin, U. Shekspir, F. Shiller, A. Miskevich, T. Shevchenko, U. Sulaymonov, Yu. Martsinkyavpchyus va digaronro ba tojiki gardonidaast. Maqolahoi publisistii Mumin Qanoat  dar gazetayu jurnalhoi markazi va respublikavi darj meshavand. Mumin Qanoat hamchun shoir va khodimi dav­lati hamrohi navisandagoni soveti ba Eron, Aljazoir, Lubnon, Tunis, Bulgoriya, Pokiston, Hinduston, Ku­ba, Yaman, Afgoniston va digar mamlakatho safar kardaast, ki in safarho ba jahonbnii va ejodiyoti u tasiri musbat rasonda, mohiyati internatsionalii osori shoirro amiqtar gardonidaand. Mumin Qanoat depu­tati Soveti Olii ITTIHODI ShURAVI (davati 10—11), raisi Komiteti respublikavii muhofizati sulh, azoi Prezidiumi Komiteti mudofiai sulhi ITTIHODI ShURAVI, azoi Byuroi Komiteti sovetii robitaho bo navisandahoi mamlakathoi Osiyo va Afrika va raisi Komi­teti, respublikavii on, azoi Komi­teti Mukofothoi lenini va davla- tist. Bo ordenhon “Nishoni Fakhri” (1964),  Bayraqi Surkhi Mehnat (1982), medalhoi “Baroi mehnati shujoatnok. Ba munosibata 100-solagii ruzi tavalludi V. I. Lenin” (1970), “Baroi shujoati mehnati» (1975), bo Gramotahoi Prezidiumi Soveti Olii RSS Tojikiston va RSS Belorussiya, bo Nishoni fakhrii KM VLKSM “Baroi ishtiroki faolona dar kori komsomol” muko- fotonida shudaast. Laureata Mukofoti Davlatii ITTIHODI ShURAVI (1977) va Mukofoti davlatii ITTIHODI ShURAVI Tojikiston ba nomi Rudaki (1960)-. Uevi IN ITTIHODI ShURAVI az soli 1901. Oe.: Surushi Stalingrad. Tojikis­ton — ismi man, D., 1879; Osori munta- khab, j..-hoi 1—2, D., 1982; Golosa Stalin­grada. Materinskiy lik, M., 1977.