MUSTAZOD

MUSTAZOD (ar. —ziyod kardashuda), yak shakli sher ast, ki pas az yak misra yo yak bayti on shoir yak yo du fiqrai mavzun ilova mekunad. Fiqraho qofiyai alohida dorand va yo bo misrai bayti asli hamqofiya meshavand. Masalan:

Dar khob jamoli yori khud medidam.

Dar ayni safo.

V-az bogi visoli u gule mechidam,

Be khori jafo.

Murgi sahari zi khob bedoram kard,

Guyo zi hasad.

Ey kosh, ki bedor namegardidam.

To ruzi jazo.

Mustazod dar nazmi fors-tojik dar zaminay surudu ruboiyoti khalqi va bo kushishhoi navjuyonai shoiron taqriban az asri 11 rivoj girift. Mustazodhoi avvalin dar ejodiyoti Abusaidi Mahnay, Masudi Sadi Salmon, Umari Khayyom, Fariduddini Attor va digar ba nazar merasand. Mustazod az qadim bo sozu navo robitai qavi doshta, ejodkoroni on musiqii khalqi va klassikiro neku medonistaand va in qabil ashor asosan baroi khondanu suru-dan navishta meshudaand. Mustazod makhsusan dar asrhoi 13—14 bo ejodiyoti Jaloluddinn Rumi, Khisravi Dehlavi, Khojui Kirmoni, Ibni Yamin. Kamoli Khujandi va digar az jihati shaklu mundarija suftayu amiqtar shuda, ba avji inkishof rasid. Dar ni davra Khisravi Dehlavi, Shamsi Fakhri va digar faslhoi makhsusi asarhoi adabiyotshinos»i khudro ba nazariyai Mustazod bakhshidaand. Dar asrhoi 15— 17, ba istisnoi baze Mustazodhoi Abdur-rahmoni Jomi, Hiloli, Sayido, Mustazod dar adabiyoti tojik khele kam musho-hida meshavad. Az asrhoi 18—19 dar natijai tagyiroti ijtimoiyu siyosy Mustazod az nav jon girift. Dar in davra Mustazod beshtar bo du roh — payravi va javobu naziranavisi va tazmini ruboiyoti shoironi buzurgi guzashta inkishof yoft. Dar adabiyoti sovetii tochik Mustazod ohangi balandi ijtimoi girift. Namunai avvalin va behtarini onro Sadriddin Ayni ejod kard: «Ba sharafi inqilobi Oktyabr», «Taronai kambagalon», Abulqosim Lohuti («Hama dono shudaem», «Zindaast Lenin»), Payrav Sulaymoni («Ba munosibati inqilobi Bukhoro») va digar ananai Ayniro idoma dodand.

S. Imromov.