MURAKKABGULHO

MURAKKABGULHO (Asteraceae Compositae), oilai rastanihoi du- pallaro guyand. Dar tamomi kurai Zamin qarib 25 hazor namudashon mavjud ast. Aksariyati Murakkabgulho rastanihoi alafiand. Dar arzhoi mutadil Murakkabgulhoi nimbuttayu butta va dar tropi­ki buttayu darakht beshtar meruyand. Murakkabgulhoi obi, botloqi va liana kamand. Murakkabgulho barghoi pai ham, bazan ru ba ru joygirshuda, khushaguli sabatak dorand. Guli Murakkabgulho bekosabarg, gardbargash 5-to, gurakash poyonii yakkhonagi buda, gineseyash az 2 mevabarg iborat ast. Dar Ittifoqi Respublikahoi Sovetii Sotsialisti SSSR qarib 225 jins va ziyoda az 3,5 hazor namudi Murakkabgulho malumand. Dar Tojikiston qarib 105 jins va 600 namudi Murakkabgulho az kuhhoi past to nohiyahoi abadi bo barf pushidashuda mesabzand. Dar bayni onho namudhoi jinsi khoralaf (ziyo­da az 115 namud), shibog (qarib 60 namud), yurineya (ziyoda az 30 namud) beshtar pahn shudaand. Namudhoi jinsi Gerbera, Acroptilon, Echinopa, Polytaxis va gayra (dar kadome 1 namud dorad) kam meruyand. Yak qator Murakkabgulho reshai gafsi lundamonand dorand. Ba onho namudhoi jinsi Scorzonera, Helianthus va gayra mansuband. Dar bay­ni Murakkabgulho rastanihoi dorui khele bisyorand. Macalan, bobuna, darmanai rumi, kosni, tarkhun va gayra.

Bisyor namudhoi Murakkabgulho rastanihoi asalovar va khuroki chorvo meboshand. Namudhoi jinsi shibog dar charogohhoi tiramohiyu zimistona khuroki asosii buzu gusfand ba shumor meravand.

Dar bayni Murakkabgulho rastanihoi oroishi niz khele bisyorand. Macalan, abbosi, bakhmalgul, dovudi, kartoshkagul, kikvosh, mino va gayra.

Yak qator rastanihoi muhimi khojagii qishoq, ba monandi oftobparast, masar, qoqu, kosni, anganor, gvayyula va gayra niz ba Murakkabgulho mansuband. Baze Murakkabgulho (talkha, khori morak, shiri kharak) alafhoi begonai ziroatand.

Adabiyot: Svetovodstvo v gorodakh i posyol­kakh Tadjikistana, Dushanbe, 1965; Polya­kov P. P., Sistematika i proiskhojde­nie slojnosvetnikh, Alma-Ata, 1967.

S. Yu. Yunusov.