MUNShAOT

MUNShAOT (arabi — navishtajot), navishtajoti adabi va mukoti- baest, ki munshiyon tasnif kardaand. Asosi munshaot maktub ast: maktubhoi arboboni davlat, ilmu adabiyot, namoyandagoni sanat va mukotibai shakhsi. Beshtari Munshaot az namunahoi mukotibai arboboni dav­lat, yorliqotu manoshir, sanadhoi nikohu taloq, kharidufurush iboratand. To ba ruzhoi mo Munshaoti olimi faylasuf Muhammadi Gazoli (asri 11) Aynulquzoti Hamadoni (asri 11), Rashidi Vatvot (asri 12), Abdurrahmoni Jomi (asri 15), Abdulqodiri Bedil (asri 17) va digar rasidaand. Mukotibahoi manzumi Asiri va Javhari nave az Munshaot meboshand. Dar adabiyoti qadimi Yunon, Rim Munshaot janri adabi bud. Maktuboti Siseron, Go­rasiy, Seneka, Plinii Khurd az lavhahoi adabi iborat buda, dar ada­biyot hamchun «maktubi kushod» ma- lumand. Dar adabiyoti asrimiyonagii Evropa janri adabii Munshaot rivoj yoft. Masalan, «Maktubhoi odamoni mashhur»-i I. Reykhtlin (1514). Dar ada­biyoti fransavi asari Monteskyo «Maktubhoi forsi» (1721) mashhur ast. Dar adabiyoti rus asarhoi Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin «Romani maktubho» (1829), F. M. Dostoevskiy «Odamoni kambagal» (1845); dar adabiyoti Ozarboyjon asari M. F. Okhundov «Se maktu­bi shohzodai hind Kamoluddavla ba shohzodai eroni Jaloluddavla…» (1864—65) hamchun Munshaot mavqei kalon dorand. Munshaot dar adabiyoti soveti ham goho istifoda meshavad. Namunai on asari Odil Qutuy «Maktubhoi nofiristoda» ast.         Z. Khasanova.