«MOTIKONI ChATRANG»

«MOTIKONI ChATRANG», «Chatrang-namak» («Kitobi shatranj»), yake az osori adabiyoti pahlavi, manbai qadimi eroni oid ba tarikhi shatranj. Taqriban dar okhiri asri 7 va dahsolahoi avvali asri 8 talif shudaast. Voqeahoe, ki dar «Motikoni chatrang» tasvir shudaand, dar zamoni hukmronii Khisravi Anushervon ba amal omadaand. Qahramoni asosii in risola Buzurgmehr — vaziri Khisravn Anushervon ast. Podshohi Hinduston Devsari takhtavu muhrahoi (donahoi) shohmotro, ki guyo donishmandoni Hind ikhtiro karda budaand, ba darbori Anushervon firistoda, talab menamoyad, ki donishmandoni Eron sirri in boziro daryoband. Dar in hol u az Anushervon boju khiroji farovone khohad girift. Buzurgmehr sirri in boziro kushoda, 3 dastro az firistodai shohi Hind burd va khud dar muqobili shatranj bozii «Nevardasher» (nardi hozira)-ro ikhtiro karda, ba nomi Ardasheri Bobakon — asosguzori davlati Sosoniyon mavsum kard. Buzurgmehr ba Hinduston ravona shuda, kushodani sirri nardro az donishmandoni Hind talab kard. Dar muddati chihil ruz donishmandoni Hind sirri bozii «Nevardasher»-ro kushoda natavonistand. Buzurgmehr az shohi Hind khiroji ziyod sitonida ba Eron bargasht. Dar bandhoi okhiri «Motikoni chatrang» qoidahoi muhimtarini bozii shatranj ovarda shudaand. Qissai ikhtiroi shatranj va kushoda shudani sirri on az tarafi Buzurgmehr dar «Shohnoma»-i Firdavsi niz omadaast, ki nisbat ba «Motikoni chatrang» purratar ast. Qismi duyumi dostoni Firdavsi dar borai az Hinduston Eron ovardani shatranj ba istisnoi baze tagyirot (nomi shakhson RK dorad), ba «Motikoni chatrang» monand ast.

Dar zamoni mo nuskhai dar asri 13 kitobatshudai «Motikoni chatrang» rasidaast. Bori avval «Motikoni chatrang»-ro K. G. Zaleman khonda va ba zaboni nemisi tarjuma karda bud (1887). Matni asli va tarjumahoi anglisivu rusii in asar niz mavjudand.

Ad.: Orbeli I. i Trener K., Shatrang. Kniga o shakhmatakh. L., 1930;

M. Dilovarov.