MOL, mahsuli mehnat, ki baroi qone gardondani talaboti inson, furush yo mubodila istehsol karda meshavad. Mol dar istehsoloti moli vujud doshta, munosibathoi istehsolii molistehsolkunandagonro inikos mekunad.
Dar sharoiti taqsimi jamiyatii mehnat va mustaqiliyati istehsolkunandagon mahsuli mehnat ba Moltabdil meyobad, ki in boisi ba vujud omadani molistehsolkunandagon megardad. Dar formasiyahoi tokapitalisti qismi asosii mahsulot dar khojagii naturali istehsol gardida, vale hamchun Mol istifoda nameshud. Dar davrai kapitalizm istehsoloti moli shakli asosii istehsolot gardid. Dar in davra na tanho mahsuli mehnat, balki quvvai korgari niz ba Mol tabdil yoft. Mol arzish va arzishi istemoli dorad.
Kharakteri dukhelai mehnat, ki dar Mol tajassum meyobad, dar sharoiti khojchagii molii khususi ziddiyati bayni mehnati khususi va jamiyatii molistehsolkunandagon, ziddiyati bayni arzishi istemoli va arzishro inikos mekunad. Mehnati molistehsolkunanda ham konkreti va ham abstrakti ast. Mehniti konkreti arzishi istemoli, mehnati abstrakti arzishi Molro ba vujud meorad, dar bayni onho ziddiyati dokhili mavjud ast. Arzishi Mol bo mehnati zarurii jamiyati muayyan karda meshavad. Mole, ki dar sharoiti molikiyati khususi istehsol karda meshavad, tamomi ziddiyathoi istehsoloti oddii molii dar davrai kapitalizm boshad, istehsoloti molii kapitalistiro tajassum menamoyad. Molikiyati khususi istehsoli mahsulotro ba kori shakhsii har yak sohibkor tabdil doda, molistehsolkunandagonro judo mekunad, vale taqsimi jamiyatii mehnat ba molikiyati khususi kharakteri jamiyati medihad. Ziddiyati bayni mehnati khususi va jamiyati dar ziddiyati bayni mehnati konkreti va abstrakti, arzishi istemoliyu arzish zuhur meyobad. Dar sharoiti hukmronii molikiyati khususii kapitalisti ba vositahoi istehsolot ziddiyati on dar dushvorii furush, buhronhoi barziyod istehsol, dar muborizai raqobati, ki boisi khonakharobshavii istehsolkunandagoni mayda va boyshavii molikiyatdoroni kalon va monopoliyaho meshavad, dar tezutund shudani ziddiyathoi ijtimoiyu iqtisodi zohir megardad. Istehsoloti moli dar davrai sosializm niz vujud dorad. Mol dar jamiyati sosialisti niz arzishi istemoli va arzish dorad va khususiyati dukhelai on mahz dar hamin ast. Dar davrai sosializm Mol mahsuli kapital nest va baroi mubodilai stikhiyavi peshbini nashudaast. Mol dar davrai sosializm muvofiqi plan va bo mehnati kollektivona baroi qone gardonidani talaboti jamiyat istehsol karda meshavad. Mol dar davrai sosializm kharakteri jamiyati dorad. Az in ru talaboti ba Mol doshtai jamiyat ba molistehsolkunanda to furushi mahsulot malum ast, chunki iqtisodiyoti sosialisti ba molikiyati jamiyati asos yofta, muvofiqi plan taraqqi mekunad. Furushi Mol dar davrai sosializm zarurati Molro dar jamiyat nishon medihad, yane mehnat, ki baroi istehsoli mahsulot sarf meshavad, na tanho mehnati konkreti, balki mehnati abstrakti, jamiyati niz meboshad. Mehnati abstrakti arzishi Molro ba vujud meovarad, ki on dar davrai sosializm asosi mubodilai mahsuloti bayni korkhonahoi sosialiste, az davlat kharidani Mol va g-ro tashkil medihad. Dar jamiyati sosialisti ziddiyati bayni arzishi istemoli va arzish kharakteri antogonisti nadorad. Sababhoi in ziddiyat dar on ast, ki dar planhoi istehsoli talaboti jamiyat ba Mol na hama vaqt aniq va purra ba hisob girifta meshavand, korkhonaho talabi istemolkunandagonro qone namegardonand, mahsuloti sifatan past istehsol mekunand va g. Azbaski baroi istehsoli Mol mehnati ham konkreti az ham abstrakti sarf meshavad, ziddiyati bayni arzishi istemoli va arzishi Mol antagolisti nabuda, bo muayyan kardani tanosubhoi durusti istehsol va furushi mahsulot dar ifodai naturavi va ham arzishi hal karda meshavad. Baroi osontar va purra qone gardonidani talaboti moddiyu madanii mehnatkashoi sifati mahsulot ahamiyati kalon dorad va roli arzishi istemolii Mol beshtar meafzoyad. Dar davrai kommunizm Mol hamchun kategoriya az bayn meravad.
Ad.: Marks K., Kapital, t. 1—-3,
M , 1955; Lenin V. I., Dar borai masala» bozorho. As., ch. G, Taranki i kapitalizm dar Rossiya, As., j. 3, Karl Marks, As.. Ch. 21; hamon muall, Nakaz za STO (Soveti mehnat va mudofia) ba muassisahoi mahallii soveti, As., Ch. 32.