MIRNIY Panas

MIRNIY Panas (takhallus, nom va familiya— Rudchenko Afanasiy Yakov­levich; 13. 5. 1849, Mirgorod — 28. 1. 1920, Poltava), navisandai ukrain. Az oilai amaldori khurd. Soli 1862 Omuzishgohi uezdii Gadyachskro khatm namud. Az soli 1872 asarhoi avvalinash (sheri «Ukraina», hikoyai «Shayton gumroh kard») chop shudaand. Azbaski asarhoyash kharakteri tanqidi doshtand, majbur bud nomi aslii khudro makhfi nigoh dorad. Tasviri realistonai dehoti ukrain bo hama ziddiyat va nobarobarihoi intimoiyash pas az islohoti soli 1861 dar ejodiyoti Mirniy mavqei asosiro ishgol menamoyad. Dar romani «Agar okhurho pur boshand, magar barzagovon nara mezanand?» (1880), ki Mirniy hamrohi barodarash I. Bilik (I. Ya. Rudchen­ko) navishtaast, ziddiyathoi ijtimoi nishon doda shudaand. Roman kharak­teri ifshogarona doshta, zarbae bud ba adabiyoti liberaliyu burjuazi, ki Ukrainaro bardurug «ozod» tasvir menamud. Dar vatani navisanda in roman bo nomi «Kushishhoi benatija» (1903) chop shud. Bo in nom navisanda goyai asosii asar — norozigii betartibonai «goratgari nakukor»-ro ifoda namudaast; etirozi anarkhistonai «goratgari nakukor» ba digargunsozii olami zulmu taaddi qodir nest, on dehqononro az muborizai khaniqi baroi khuluqhoi insoni va adolat dur mesozad. Dar romani Mirniy «Zani ishratparast» (k-hoi 1-2, 1883-84; q-hoi 1-4, 1928) va povesti «Rasmu russumi guzashta va hozira» (1897) zistu zindagonii khalqi ukrain hamatarafa va barjasta tasvir yoftaast. Mirniy yak silsila hikoyavu afsonaho va dostoni mansur («Khob», 1905) niz navishtaast. Mirniy muallifi chand asari dramavist. Asarhoi navisandagoni buzurgi rus va evropoiro ba zaboni ukraini gardondaast. Kitobhoi Mirniy ba zabonhoi khalqhoi SSSR va khoriji tarjuma shudaand.

Oo.: Sobr. soch., t. 1—4, M., 1951.