MERINOSHO

MERINOSHO (isp. merinos), yak nav zoti gusfandhoi mahinpashm. Vatani in guna gusfandho Osiyoi Pesh buda, badho dar mamlakathoi sohili b. Miyonazamin, dar nimai asri 18 dar mamlakathoi Evropai Garbi, Amerikai Shimoli, Avstraliya va dar okhiri asri 19 dar Rossiya pahn shudaast. Dar avvali asri 20 dar Rossiya yakchand navhoi az digar mamlakatho ovardashudai Merinosho (infantaho, negretti, rambule) va inchunin Merinoshoi ba vujud ovardai seleksioneroni rus (infantadoi rusi, mazaevi, navkavkazi) parvarish karda meshudand. Seleksioneroni soveti Merinoshoi sergushtu ravgani askani, soveti, ozari, kavkazi, oltoy, stavropoli, grozniygi va g.-po ba vujud ovardaand. Pashmi Merinosho az torhoi tibitii borik (15—25 mk) iborat ast. Vazni mesh-ho 40—60 kg, kuchqorho 80—100 kg. Az kuchqorho 8—12 (bazan to 30,6) kg va az meshho 4—6 kg pashm metaroshand. Merinoshoro baroi sermahsulgardonii gusfandoni nimmahinpashm va durushtpashm istifoda mebarand. Merinosho dar bisyor mamlakathoi dunyo (asosan dar Avstraliya, SSSR, RACh), parvarish meshavand. Dar SSSR asosan dar Ukraina, Qrim, Kavkazi Shimoli, Povoljiya, nohiyahoi Sibiri Janubi, RSS Kaz., ROS Kirr. parvarish mekunand.

Ad.: Ovsevodstvo, M., 1963; Rukovodstvo po razvedeniyu jivotnikh, t. 3, M., 1965.