MAHMUDI GAZNAVI

MAHMUDI GAZNAVI Abulqosim (taqriban 969/71—1030), sulton az sulolai Gaznaviyon (998— 1030). Mahmudi Gaznavi siyosati jangjuyona bur­da, hududi davlati khudro khele vase kard. Soli 999 Khurosonro zabt karda, ba sarhadi davlati Qarokhoniyoni Osiyoi Miyona nazdik shud. Soli 1008 dar nazdikii Balkh Qarokhoniyonro shikast doda, zaminhoi boloobi har du sohili Amu, az jumla vil. Khutalonro zeri dast kard. Mahmudi Gaznavi soli 1002 Sistonro zabt karda, s-hoi 1010—11 bo dushvorii ziyod viloyati kuhii to in vaqt mustaqili Gup (boloobi d. Kherirudi Afgoniston)- ro ba khud tobe namud. Mahmudi Gaznavi baroi ba zeri hokimiyati Gaznaviyon darovardani vil-hoi garbii Eron bo davlati oli Buj jangida, Ray va Isfahonro zabt kard. Soli 1017 ba Khorazm lashkar kashid, Khutalon, Qabodiyon, Chagoniyon va dig. viloyatu davlathoro boz ba khud tobe namud. Mahmudi Gaznavi solhoi 1000—27 ba Hindustoni Shimoli 17 yurish karda, onro gorat va sadho hazor odamonro asir girift. Janghoi goratgaronai Mahmudi Gaznavi zeri bayraqi islom burda meshud. Iqtidori harbii Mahmudi Gaznavipo dastahoi gulomoni turk va «goziyoni» islom tashkil mekardand. Mahmudi Gaznavi dar tarikh hamchun podshohi zolim va torojgar mashhur ast. Dar ahdi u davlati Gaznaviyon ba avji taraqqi rasida boshad ham, mamlakat kharob va khalq qashshoq gasht. Mahmudi Gaznavi hamaguna zuhuroti norozigii mehnatkashonro pakhsh karda, ba muqobili bidatho: Qarmatiho, ismoiliho, shiaho va dig. muboriza burd. Siyosati,.Mahmudi Gaznavi ba manfiati tabaqahoi boloii jamiyat bud. U poytakhti davlati khud — Gaznaro ba yake az shahrhoi zebo va kalon tabdil dod. Mahmudi Gaznavi dar darbori khud olimon va shoironi ziyodero jam namuda, khudro parastori ilmu adab vonamud mekard. Dar asl u ilmu adabro baroi mustahkam na­mudani asoshoi ideologii davlati diniyu feodalii khud istifoda meburd.

Ad.: Gafurov B. G., Tadjiki. Drevneyshaya, drevnyaya i srednevekovaya istoriya, M., 1072.

Q Boboev.