Lola

GULI LOLA (Tulipa – Tyulpan), chunin rastanihoi bisyorsolai piyozakbekhest az oilai zanbaqiho guli mamuli khudruest, ki ziyoda az 4 000 navhoi gunoguni bustoni dorad. Odatan 2— 4 (bazan 1 va 12) barg, 1—15 guli 6- gulbarga, guzai khushk va tukhmi dorchini segusha dorad.

Lola az kishvarhoi bahri Miyonazamin to Sharqi Dur va Yaponiya, az Shvetsiya to Ameri­kai Shimoli vomekhurad. Dar dunyo 140 namudi Lola meruyad, ki 83 namudi on dar (Osiyoi Miyona, Qazoqiston, Kavkaz, Sibiri Garbi va Sharqi, Ukraina va gayra) pahn shudaast. Lola makhsusan dar respublikahoi Osiyoi Miyona va Qazoqiston (66 namud) bisyor ast. Muvofiqi «Florai Tojikiston» dar hududi respublika 25 namudi Lola vomekhurad, ki 7 namudash (T. subgu- inuefolia, T. praestans, T. maximo- wiezii, T. linifolia, T. anisophylla, T. korshinskyi, T. subpraestans  meboshad. Dar bayni Lolahoi khudrui Tojikiston makhsusan namudhoi gulkaloni on (T. fosteriana, T. ingens, T. lana- ta, T. micheliana, T. mogoltavica, T. tubergeniana va r.) qimati balandi oroishi dorand. Bazei in namudhoro seleksioneronu gulparvaroni gollandi baroi ba vujud ovardani chandin navhoi mashhurtarini Lola («Yuriy Gagarin», «Yunaytid Neyshenns», «Margaret Kherbst» va g.) istifoda burdaand.

VIDEO DAR BORAI GULI LOLA DAR Sh. DUShANBE

Lola asosan khosi nohiyahoi tobistonashon garmi khushk va bahoru tiramohashon kamborish ast. Dar nimbiyobonu biyobon, dasht, bazan dar buttazor va beshai pahnbarg, hamvoriyu domanakuh» dar mintaqahoi poyoniyu miyona va boloii kuh va hatto dar nazdikii piryakhho meruyand. Davri nashvi Lola kutoh (to 3 moh) ast. Lola hangomi musoidii sharoit khele khub tukhm mebandad, ki tiramoh pukhta az guza merezad. Tukhm bahori soli oyanda mesabzad. Baroi sabzishi tukhmi Lola dar davomi 3—4 moh harorat bo­isi nisbatan past (to 8° S, vale az 0° S past budanash hatmi nest) boshad. Lola dar sharoiti tabiat bori avval tanho soli 8—20-um gul mekunad. Dar sharoiti kishtukor boshad, soli 3—12-um (vobasta ba namud va mahal) meshukufad.

Lola yake az gulhoi qadim va mashhurtarini kishvarhoi Sharq ast. Holo on baroi gulzor namudani gulgashtu khiyobon, gulbogu chorbog vase istifoda meshavad. Dar joyhoi kushod davrai guli Lola 1,5 moh davom mekunad.

Piyozaki Lolaro tiramoh 1,5—2 moh pesh az yakh kardani khok meshinonand, ongoh to ogozi zimiston resha meku­nad. Qitai kisht boyad oftobruya va shamolnoras boshad. Baroi nashunamoi khubi Lola regkhoki sabuki az moddahoi organikiyu pusidaho boy va kamishqor lozim ast. Ba khoki serkislota hatman gaj andokhtan lozim ast (500—700 g/m2). Piyozaki Lolaro hatman ba chuqurii 40—45 sm (vobasta ba hajmi piyozak) meshinonand. Mas., piyozaki diametrash 3,5 sm ba chuqurii 15—18 sm shinonida mesha­vad. Zimiston piyozaki Lolaro dar kokh, pusidaho, torf va g. nigoh medorand. Navrustai Lola az sarmoi bahor zarar namebinad. Lolai bori ba sarmoi —15—18° S tob meovarad.

Dar khojagihoi mekhanikonidai gulparvari ba zamini kisht pesh az piyozakshinony nurii minerali (ba hisobi kg/ga: selitra 330, superfos­fat 600, namaki kaliy 400) meandozand. Dar davrai nashvi Lola rastanihoi kasalro kanda suzonidan lozim ast. Dar davrai runjabandi va gulkuni ba lolazor 2—3 bor ob memonand. Tasvirro nig. dar sah. 64—65.