Likvatsiya

Likvasiya – ba russi – likvasiya (az lot. liquatio —moegardoni, gudozish), segregasiya (az lot. segregatio — judokuni), dar metallurgiya, gayriyakjinsagii tarkibi khimiyavii khulaho, ki dar vaqti kristallshavii onho ba vujud meoyad. Sababi ba vujud omadani Likvatsiya dar on ast, ki khulaho misli metallhoi kholis na dar yak harorati muayyan, balki dar fosilai htratho kristall meshavand. Dar in hol tarkibi kristallhoi dar ibtidoi sakhtshavi ba vujudoyanda az tarkibi qatrahoi okhirini mahluli aslii kristallshavanda metavonad ba kulli farq kunad.

Fosilai harorathoi kristallshavii khula harkat dar kalon boshad, Likvatsiya hamon qadar beshtar inkishof meyobad, dar ayni hol hamon juzhoi khula, ki ba vaseshavii intervali kristallshavi tasiri kalon dorand, beshtar ba Likvatsiya mayl zohir mekunand (mas., baroi pulod — sulfur, oksigen, fosfor, karbon). Likvatsiya odatan ba sifati metallho tasiri nomatlub merasonad, zero on boisi nomuntazamii khosiyathoi metall megardad. Likvatsiyahoi dendriti (dar mikrohajmhoi khula zohir meshavad) va mintaqavi (dar tamomi khajmi khula mushohida meshavad mavjudand. Likvatsiyahoi mehvari va gayrimehvari niz hastand. Likvatsiya makhsusan baroi pulod ahamiyati kalon dorad, ki onro bori avval soli 1866 metallurgoni rus N. V. Kalakuskiy va A. S. Lavrov oshkor namu-daand.