LOKOMOTIV

LOKOMOTIV (frans. locomotive, ae lot. loco movlo — az joy harakat mekunonam), vositai naqliyot, ki baroi ru-rui rels harakat kunondani poezd yo vagonhoi judogona peshbini shudaast. Dar avval faqat parovozro Lokk menomidand. Badtar hamai namudhoi vositahoi kashandai rohi ohanro chunin menomidagi shudand.

Lokomotivhoi hozira ba 2 guruh: harorati va elektriki judo meshavand. Lokomotivhoi harorati — parovoz, teplovoz, motovoz, gazoturbovoz va g. manbai khususii energiya (dar parovoz — jmo-uiuhu bugi, dar teplovozu motovoz— muharriki darunsuz, dar gazoturbovoz — turbinai gazi va g.) dorand. Lokomativhoi elektriki zlektrovoz, elektropoezd va g. bo quvvai muharriki elektriki harakat mekunand.

Muvofiqi tainot Lokomotivhoro ba magnitrali va sanoati judo mekunand. Lokomotivhoi magistrali borkash, passajiri (baroi kashidani poezdho) va manyovri (baroi kor dar stansihyakhoi rohi ohan) meshavand. Lokomotivhoi sanoatiro baroi kashondani borhoi gunogun dar dokhili korkhonaho, konu shakhtaho va g. istifoda mebarand. Hamai namudhoi Lokomativho bo iqtidori nominali, quvvai kashish, surat va k. a. m. tavsif karda meshavand. Dar zamoni hozira asosan teplovoz va elektrovozho istehsol karda meshavand.

«LOKOMOTIV», jamiyatii umumiittifoqii ikhtiyorii sportii ittifoqii  kasabai korkunoni naqliyoti rohi ohan, yake va avvalin jamiyathoi korgarii sporti dar SSSR. Soli 1930 tasis yoftaast. Korgaronu khizmatchiyoni naqliyoti rohi ohan, sokhtmoni naqliyot va motropolitenro muttahid mekunad. Aa soli 1957 azoi ittifoqi baynalkhalqii sportii rokhiohanchiyon. Varzishgaroni «Lokomotiv» dar barqaror va inkishofi sporti soveti sahmi kalone guzoshtaand. I. B. Mekhanik (varzishi vaznin), A. K. Kapchinskiy (konkitozi), N. N. Markov, A. V. Rudakov (lijaroni), N. S. Ra­zumovskiy (futbol), A. V. Kazans­kiy (gushtin), S. A. Emelyanov (boks), P. I. Denisenko (varzishi sabuk), K. Travin (basketbol) va F. I. Duz-Khotimirskiy (shohmot) barin azoyoni jamiyat az jumlai sportsmenhoi mashhuri solhoi 30—40- um meboshand. Jamiyat doroi beshtar az 7 hazor kollektivii fizkulturi buda, onho ziyoda az 1,3 mln nafar varzishgaronro darbar megirand. Dar «Lokomotiv» ziyoda az 40 namudi sport vujud dorad.

Ba bozihoi sporti qarib 300 hazor nafar, turizm 140 hazor varzishi sabuk 90 hazor, lijatozi 116 hazor, shohmot 100 hazor, tirandozi 80 hazor nafar shavqmandon shugl dorand. Dar «Lokomotiv» beshtar az 220 hazor instruktoroni jamiyati, treneron va dovaron kor mebarand. Jamiyati «Lokomotiv» bisyor Ustodoni sporti SSSR, Ustodoni Khizmatnishondodai sport, Ustodoni klassi baynalkhalki -doshta, ziyoda az 360 hazor varzishgaron razryad dorand. Sportsmenhoi «Lokomotiv» dar vokhurihoi sershumori umumiittifoqiyu jahoni baromad karda, unvoni chempioniro ba dast meorand. Onho inchunin chempionhoi chandinkaratai Bozihoi olimpiand. Besh­tar az 250 stadion, 500 zali sporti, 390 inshoothoi tirandoziyu lijatozi, 36 havzi shinovari, 600 lageri sporti-tandurusti, bazahoi turisti va g, inchunin 8000 maydonhoi sporti dar ikhtiyori varzishgaroni «Lokomotiv» meboshand. Baroi komyobihoi sporti ziyoda az 100 nafar varzishgaroni «Lokomotiv» bo mukofothoi hukumati sarfaroz gardidaand.

Soli 1955 dar Dushanbe Soveti rayonni jamiyati ikhtiyorii sportii rohiohanchiyon «Lokomotiv» tashkil karda shud. Jamiyati «Lokomotiv»-i poytakhti respublika 30 kollektivi fizkulturi dorad, ki on 3850 nafar (1980) fizkulturachiyon-korgaronu khizmatchiyoni rohi ohanro muttahid mesozad. Varzishgaroni «Lokomotiv» ishtirokchiyoni quvvaozmoihoi ziyodi respublikaviyu umumiittifoqiand. Jamiyat solhoi 1977—80 19 nafar Ustodi sporti SSSR, 38 nafar nomzad ba ustodii sport va 2495 nafar razryaddoron tayyor kardaast. Soli 1980 941 nafar nishoni sarisinagii GTO giriftand. Azoyoni «Lokomotiv» az stadion, zali sporti, lageri

sporti-tandurusti va digar inshootho samaranok istifoda burda, mahorati sportiashonro baland mekunand. Beshtar az 2911 nafar azoyoni jamiyat ba gimnastikai istehsoli mashguland (1980). S. Abbulloev.