QAVM

QAVM, toifa, etnos, 1) ahli kheshutaboroni hamkhun, ki paydoishi khudro az tarafi modar yo padar ba ajdodi yagona (avlod) vobasta mekardand. Taqr. 40 haz. sol muqaddam taraqqiyoti quvvahoi istehsolkunanda, digargunihoi ijtimoi boisi tashakkuli odami namudi hozira Homo Sapiens (insoni bokhirad) va az tudai ibtidoii bashar judo shudani avlod gardidaast;

2) namudi makhsusi guruhi ijtimoi, ki dar natijai prosessi tabiii tarikhi ba vujud omadaast, dar ilm etnos (nig. Umumiyati etniki) nom giriftaast. Nishonai muhimtarini Q. khudshinosist; in khususiyatho zabon, madaniyat va holati ruhii (psikhikai) ba khud khos dorad. Vobasta ba sokhti iqtisodiyu ijtimoi dar tarikhi bashariyat se tipi Q.-ro judo mekunand: qabila (dar jamoai ibtidoi), khalqiyat (sokhti gulomdori va feodalizm), millat (dar zamoni kapitalizm va sosializm); 3) toifai yak mahalla, guzar va deha, ki bino, juybor, havz, asbobu afzori marakahoi oilavi va jamiyatiro yakjoya istifoda barand. On ho nisbat ba yakdigar huquqho va uhdadorihoi «qaqqi hamsoyagi», «mahalladori» doshtand. Azoyoni Q. dar tuyu motami yakdigar ishtirok menamudand, ba hamdigar molu pul yo qarz yo nasya medodand, shanu sharafi hamqavmonro himoya mekardand, mardho dar hasharho, algov (korhoi mehnattalabi khojagi va istehsolot), zanon hangomi pakhtakashi, resmonresi, suzaniduzi, ravgankashi va g. ba hamdigar madad merasondand.

N. Tursunov.